Ch 25

What are the 4 movements in which the scapula glides across the ribs?

Elevation - lifting shoulder up

Depression - bringing shoulders down

Adduction - Pushing chest out

Abduction - Pushing chest back in

Name one important muscle for scapula movement

Pectoralis Minor

Where does the Pectoralis minor originate and insert

Originates on rib 3-5

Inserts on the coracoid process of the scapula

What is the primary action for pectoralis minor?

protract the scapula

Name another protraction of the scapula?

Serratus anterior

Which of these are the Serratus anterior and Pectoralis minor

1 (Pectoralis minor ) 2 (Serratus Anterior )

What does number 1 indicate?

Serratus anterior

*its pointy part give it , its name.

What does number 2 indicate?

Pectoralis Minor

What is this diamond-shaped muscle outline called?

Trapezuis

What role does the trapezius play?

Scapular Movement

What are the names of the three fibers in the Trapezuis?

(1) Upper Fibers, (2) middle fibers, (3) lower fibers

Functions of the upper fibers, middle fibers, and lower fibers?

Upper fibers - elevates the scapula

Middle fibers - adduct/retract the scapula

Lower fibers - depress the scapula.

What are the characteristics of a trapezius regarding appearance and location?

Trapezius is superficial and visible. in muscular humans.

What muscle is this?

Trapezium

What is this muscle ?

Trapezium

How many movements occur in the shoulder joint?

6

*This is the glenohumeral joint.

Also a ball-and-socket joint

Also a multiaxial joint

Motions in all 3 planes

What are these two movements called ?

1. Flexion and 2. Extension

What are these two movements called?

1 Abduction 2. Adduction

What are the names of these 2 movements?

Lateral rotation of the humerus and medial rotation of the humerus

Which muscle is this ?

Deltoid muscle

What is the history behind the name “deltoid“ from deltoid muscle?

It comes from its shape (upside-down triangle)

in the Greek alphabet, triangle is known as Delta.

Where does the deltoid originate and insert?

Originates on the lateral clavicle as well as the acromine and spine.

It inserts on the deltoid tuberosity of the humerus.

Name these 3 fibers in the deltoid muscle and their function

Anterior fiber - flexion of the arm

Middle fiber - abduction of the arm

Posterior fiber - extension of the arm

Anterior View of the deltoid

Posterior view of the deltoid

Name these views of the deltoid muscle.

Posterior , Lateral , Anterior

What does number 1 indicate? What is its action?

Pectoralis Major—Flexion and adduction of the arm / also more apparent, like seen in this human model

What is the pectoralis major superficial to?

Pectoralis Minor

Name these 2 muscles.

1 Pectoralis Major, 2 Pectoralis Minor

What does number 1 in this image show ?

Latissimus dorsi

How did the name “Latissimus dorsi” form

It is named because it is wide (Latissimus ) and it is on the posterior surface (Dorsi).

Which muscle is this in a human?

Latissimus Dorsi

what are these 4 red muscles collectively called ?

Rotator cuff

What is the function of a rotator cuff?

Stabilize glenohumeral joint

Variety of humorous movements

Name all 4 bundle of muscle in the rotator cuff

Subscapulris

Infraspinatus

Teres minor

Supraspinatus

*Just remember SITS.

What does number 1 indicate? What is its action?

Subscapularis muscle—medially rotate and adduct the humerus.

What number do 1, 2, and 3 indicate? What are their actions?

1. Supraspinatus: abduct the humerus.

2. Infraspinatus: adduct and and laterally rotate the humerus

3. Teres minor: Adduct and laterally rotate the humerus.

Name 1, 2, 3, and 4

1. Infraspinatus

2. Deltoid

3. Trapezuim

4. Teres Minor

Because the elbow is a hinge joint…….

It can only move on the sagittal plane, performing flexion and extension.

What are two of the major flexors of the elbow?

(1) Biceps Brachii and (2) The Brachialis

*This is the lateral view of the arm.

what is the meaning of “biceps” and “brachii”

Biceps : 2 heads

Brachii : arm

where does the biceps brachii originate and insert?

What does the brachialis do for the biceps brachii?

The 2 heads originate at the coracoid process of the scapula and rim of the glenoid fossa of the scapula

Inserts on the radial tuberosity

Brachialis is deep and is a synergist for the biceps brachii

Name 1 and 2

1. Biceps Brachii

2. Brachialis

The sam here

*prominent in muscular human

What is 3 ?

Brachioradialism—the third elbow flexor triumvirate

*Triumvirate means a group of three people who hold power or authority together. In this case, a group of muscles.

where does the brachioradialis run?

Along the forearm from distal humerus to distal radius

Name 3 and 4

3. Brachioradialis

4. Antecubital fossa

Name all three muscles.

1. Biceps brachii

2. Brachialis

3. Brachioradialis

What is number 1, and what is its action?

Triceps Brachii

Extension of elbow

How many heads does the triceps brachii have?

Where does it originate and insert?

3 headed muscle

originates on lateral scapula and diaphysis of humerus

Inserts on olecranon process of the ulna

What do these numbers indicate: (1), (1)?

2 of the 3 heads of the triceps brachii

Name these 3 muscles of the triceps brachii

1. lateral head

2. long head

3. medial head (very hard to see even in well muscled humans)

How many carpals are in the wrist, and what are they connected by?

8 carpals

Connected by Myriad Plane: allows a great deal of movement

wha are the two movements of the carpals in the wrist?

1. Flexion

2. Extension

What are these two movements of the wrist called?

1. Adduction

2. Abduction

What surface do flexor muscle tend to be on ?

Ventral Surface / Anterior Surface

“flexors in the front”

Name two flexor muscles in the forearm.

(1) Flexor carpi ulnaris and (2) flexor carpi radialis.

What bone is on the pinky side of the forearm?

Ulna

What bone is on the thumb side of the forearm?

Radius

Where is the flexor carpi radialis located?

On the thumb side, next to the brachioradialis (3)

What extra action does the flexor carpi radialis do?

Abducts the wrist (toward radius)

What extra action does the flexor carpi ulnaris do?

Adducts the wrist (toward ulna)

Where does the flexor carpi radialis originate and Insert ?

Origin: on medial epicondyle of humerus; insertion: on metacarpals 2 & 3.

Name the three major arm muscle you see on the posterior side of the forearm

1. Biceps Brachii

2. Brachialis

3. Triceps Brachii

What is number 5, and what does it do?

Extensor Radialis Longus

Bends the wrist radial (thumb side )

*an abductor of the wrist side).

Name all 6 of these muscles. * this is the lateral view of the forearm

1. Biceps brachii

2. Brachialis

3. Triceps brachii

4. Brachioradialis

5. Extensor carpi radialis longus - adjacent and posterior to the brachioradialis

6. Flexor carpi radialis - adjacent and anterior to the brachioradialis

What do the numbers indicate?

1. Ulna

2. Flexor carpi ulnaris *anterior to the ulna

3. Extensor carpi ulnaris, *posterior to the ulna *bend the wrist to the ulnar side

Name numbers 1-5.

1. Biceps brachii

2. Brachialis

3. Brachioradialis

4. Flexor carpi raidialis

5. Flexor carpi ulnaris

Name number 6, location, and function.

Pronator teres

Between flexor carpi radialis and brachioradialis

Helps pronate forearm

Name these two motions.

Supination -palms up - performed by deep muscle known as the supinator

Pronation - palms facing down Pronation—