4TH LE GP

Caused by hyperplasia:
a. Both choices
b. Hypopituitarism
c. Hyperpituitarism
d. Neither

c. Hyperpituitarism

Causes of thyrotoxicosis EXCEPT:
a. Multinodular goiter
b. Hyperfunctional multinodular goiter
c. Diffuse hyperplasia of the thyroid associated with Graves disease
d. Hyperfunctional thyroid adenoma

a. Multinodular goiter

A 22-year-old woman presents with fever, malaise, generalized arthralgias, and a skin rash over the nose and malar eminences. Which finding has the greatest significance in overall prognosis?
a. Immune complexes at the dermal-epidermal junction in skin
b. Atypical verrucous vegetations of the mitral valve
c. Perivascular fibrosis in the spleen
d. Glomerular subendothelial immune complex deposition

a. Immune complexes at the dermal-epidermal junction in skin

Common cause of hypothyroidism in iodine-sufficient areas:
a. Congenital hypothyroidism
b. Cretinism
c. Iatrogenic hypothyroidism
d. Autoimmune hypothyroidism

d. Autoimmune hypothyroidism

A 4-year-old boy presents with severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, generalized edema, and hyperlipidemia that resolves with corticosteroids. Diagnosis:
a. Membranous glomerulonephritis
b. Minimal change disease
c. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
d. Diabetic nephropathy

b. Minimal change disease

A 5-year-old boy with poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis worsens with oliguria, rising creatinine, and decreased GFR. Diagnosis:
a. Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
b. Alport syndrome
c. Membranous glomerulonephritis
d. Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis

d. Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis

A 3-year-old girl with recurrent edema and steroid-responsive nephrotic syndrome after URTI. Diagnosis:
a. Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
b. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
c. Membranous glomerulonephritis
d. Minimal change disease

d. Minimal change disease

Classic morphologic finding in diabetic nephropathy:
a. Nodular accumulations of mesangial matrix on light microscopy
b. Segmental sclerosis of glomeruli
c. Subepithelial immune deposits
d. Crescent formation

a. Nodular accumulations of mesangial matrix on light microscopy

Increased prolactin, amenorrhea, galactorrhea, infertility:
a. Somatotroph adenoma
b. Gonadotroph adenoma
c. Lactotroph adenoma
d. Corticotroph adenoma

c. Lactotroph adenoma

Triggered by dilation of the cervix:
a. ADH
b. Both choices
c. Neither
d. Oxytocin

d. Oxytocin

Clinical manifestation of hyperthyroidism EXCEPT:
a. Proximal muscle weakness
b. Tremor
c. Hyperdefecation
d. Cold skin

d. Cold skin

Two weeks after pharyngitis, patient develops nephritic syndrome. Expected finding:
a. Marked hypoalbuminemia
b. Hypotension
c. Polyuria
d. Increased antistreptolysin O titer

d. Increased antistreptolysin O titer

“Wet keratin” is diagnostic of:
a. Papillary craniopharyngioma
b. Adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma
c. Neither
d. Both

b. Adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma

Linear IgG immunofluorescence is seen in:
a. Poststreptococcal GN
b. Minimal change disease
c. A 25-year-old man with hemoptysis and hematuria
d. Chronic nephrotic syndrome

c. A 25-year-old man with hemoptysis and hematuria

Caused by sudden hemorrhage in the pituitary gland:
a. Empty sella syndrome
b. Sheehan syndrome
c. All of the choices
d. Pituitary apoplexy

d. Pituitary apoplexy

A 5-year-old boy with recurrent hematuria during sore throat episodes. Diagnosis:
a. IgA nephropathy
b. Alport syndrome
c. Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
d. Goodpasture syndrome

b. Alport syndrome

Nodular glomerulosclerosis is associated with:
a. Hypocalcemia
b. Fixed specific gravity
c. Decreased creatinine clearance
d. Hyperglycemia

d. Hyperglycemia

Produces FSH and LH:
a. Corticotrophs
b. Lactotrophs
c. Gonadotrophs
d. Somatotrophs

c. Gonadotrophs

Modified glial cells and axons from hypothalamus form:
a. Neurohypophysis
b. Anterior pituitary
c. None
d. Adenohypophysis

a. Neurohypophysis

Ischemic necrosis of anterior pituitary:
a. Sheehan syndrome
b. Pituitary apoplexy
c. All of the choices
d. Empty sella syndrome

a. Sheehan syndrome

EM finding in poststreptococcal GN:
a. Thickened GBM with deposits
b. Fused foot processes only
c. Subepithelial humps
d. Subendothelial deposits

c. Subepithelial humps

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis histology:
a. Segmental sclerosis in some glomeruli
b. Mesangial nodules
c. Crescents
d. Subepithelial deposits

a. Segmental sclerosis in some glomeruli

Produces growth hormone:
a. Somatotrophs
b. Lactotrophs
c. Gonadotrophs
d. Corticotrophs

a. Somatotrophs

Anti-GBM disease histology:
a. Spike and dome
b. Subendothelial deposits
c. Lumpy-bumpy
d. Linear immunofluorescence

d. Linear immunofluorescence

Structure between podocyte foot processes:
a. Podocin
b. Nephrin
c. Actin
d. CD2AP

b. Nephrin

Gigantism/acromegaly caused by:
a. Corticotroph adenoma
b. Gonadotroph adenoma
c. Lactotroph adenoma
d. Somatotroph adenoma

d. Somatotroph adenoma

ACTH excess leading to cortisol excess:
a. Somatotroph adenoma
b. Gonadotroph adenoma
c. Corticotroph adenoma
d. Lactotroph adenoma

c. Corticotroph adenoma

Produces prolactin:
a. Gonadotrophs
b. Somatotrophs
c. Lactotrophs
d. Corticotrophs

c. Lactotrophs

Nephrotic syndrome with thickened capillary walls:
a. Minimal change disease
b. Membranous glomerulonephritis
c. FSGS
d. PSGN

b. Membranous glomerulonephritis

NOT a feature of nephritic syndrome:
a. Hypotension
b. Hematuria
c. Proteinuria
d. Azotemia

a. Hypotension