Billy Mitchell Aerospace Review 1 (Combined)

Sir Isaac Newton

1643-1727

Sir Isaac Newton

Laid the groundwork for the science of aviation

Sir Isaac Newton

Laid foundation for modern rocketry

Sir Isaac Newton

Newton's 3 laws of motion

Daniel Bernoulli

1700-1782

Daniel Bernoulli

Laid the groundwork for the science of aviation

Daniel Bernoulli

Discovered the relationship between pressure and fluids in motion that became the cornerstone for the theory of an airfoil.

Daniel Bernoulli

Bernoulli's principle

Roger Bacon

13th-15th century

Roger Bacon

Improved gunpowder and increased the ranger of rockets

Jean Froissart

Improved rocket accuracy

Jean Froissart

Launching rockets through tubes

William Congreve

British

William Congreve

18th century

William Congreve

Set out to design rockets for military use

William Congreve

Artillery expert that increased the rockets range from 200 to 3000 yards.

William Hale

English

William Hale

Spin stabilization

Konstantin Tsiolkovsky

"Father of Modern Astronautics"

Konstantin Tsiolkovsky

Russian

Konstantin Tsiolkovsky

Proposed the idea of space exploration using rockets

Konstantin Tsiolkovsky

Liquid propellants for rockets

Dr. Robert H. Goddard

"Father of Rocketry"

Dr. Robert H. Goddard

First successful flight with liquid fuel for rockets

Dr. Robert H. Goddard

Liquid fuel is a better for rockets

Dr. Robert H. Goddard

Gyroscope for flight control

Hermann Oberth

German

Hermann Oberth - 1923

Published a book about rocket travel to outer space and indirectly lead to the invention of the german V-2

Wernher von Braun

German

Wernher von Braun

Directorship of the construction of the V-2

Sergei Korolev

Russian

Sergei Korolev

"Father of the Soviet Space Program"

Sergei Korolev - 1957

1st Intercontinental ballistic missile

Sergei Korolev & Soviet Union

First artificial satellite Sputnik 1

October 4, 1957

First artificial satellite Sputnik 1

January 31, 1958

Explorer 1 was launched

Explorer 1

First spacecraft to recognize the Van Allen radiation belt

Explorer 1 was launched

USA

Yuri Gagarin

Russian

Yuri Gagarin

1st man into space and to orbit Earth

April 1961

1st man into space and to orbit Earth

Alan Shepard

American

Alan Shepherd

1st American in space

May 1961

1st American in space

1st American in space

Freedom 7

15 mins.

John F. Kennedy

Goal to put a man on the Moon by the end of the decade

May 25, 1961

Goal to put a man on the Moon by the end of the decade

John Glenn

1st American to orbit the Earth

1st American to orbit the Earth

4 hrs. 55 mins.

February 1962

1st American to orbit the Earth

Neil Armstrong

1st man to walk on the Moon

Neil Armstrong

Apollo II powered by Saturn V

July 20, 1969

1st man to walk on the Moon

Skylab

USA

May 1973

Saturn V launched Skylab

Valentina Tereshkova

Russia

Valentina Tereshkova

1st woman in space

1st woman in space

3 days, 48 orbits

June 1963

1st woman in space

Alexei Loenov

Russia

Alexei Loenov

1st person to "walk in space"

1st person to "walk in space"

20 mins. outside of spacecraft

March 1965

1st person to "walk in space"

Ed White

American

Ed White

"walked in space"

Ed White

Project Gemini

"walked in space"

Project Gemini

May 1965

"walked in space"

Salyut

Russian

Salyut

1st space station

# of Salyuts sent to space

7

April 1971

1st space station

Mir

Russia

Mir

Sent up

February 1986

Mir sent up

1981

Space Shuttle

Sally Ride

American

Sally Ride

1st American woman in space

Sally Ride

Challenger

June 1983

1st American woman in space

Hubble telescope

Deployed by Discovery

1990

Hubble telescope deployed by Discovery

Eileen Collins

American

Eileen Collins

1st female shuttle pilot

Eileen Collins

STS 93 Mission commander

Joseph & Etienne Montgolfier

French

Joseph & Etienne Montgolfier

Created a manned hot air balloon.

Joseph & Etienne Montgolfier

1st powered flight with humans on board.

18th century

Joseph & Etienne Montgolfier created a manned hot air balloon.

Polatre d'Rozier & Francois d'Arlandes

Pilots of the 1st hot air balloon.

Polatre d'Rozier & Francois d'Arlandes

Flew 25 mins. over Paris.

November 21, 1783

Polatre d'Rozier & Francois d'Arlandes Flew 25 mins. over Paris in hot air balloon.

Valeri Polyakov

Record for longest space flight in one launch

Record for longest space flight in one launch

437 days

1994-1995

Record for longest space flight in one launch

Oleg Kononenko

Most consecutive hours in space

Most cumulative days in space

1111 days

2024

Most cumulative days in space

Balloons were...

the first known powered aircraft with humans on board

Gliders were...

the first aircraft with directional control