Literary Societies, Secret Societies, and Important Frats

Linonia

1753–1950s*; Yale’s first literary society. Known for formal debates, essays, and a well-stocked independent library.

Brothers in Unity

1768–1950s*; Rival to Linonia with more democratic culture. Maintained its own collection and strong political debates.

Calliopean Society

1819–1840s; Short-lived society focused on oratory and poetry. Eventually merged or dissolved into others.

Athenaeum (building)

1842–1890s; Building constructed for literary society meetings and libraries. Demolished during Old Brick Row’s replacement.

Skull and Bones

1832–; Yale’s oldest secret society. Known for political influence and “Tomb” on High Street.

Scroll and Key

1842–; Rival to Bones with a grand Gothic hall. Focuses on leadership, loyalty, and secrecy.

Wolf's Head

1883–; Less ostentatious but still elite. Known for quieter traditions and less visibility.

Book and Snake

1863–; Secretive group with mystical elements. Focused on tradition and spiritual symbolism.

Berzelius

1848–; Initially science-oriented; now a full senior society. Operates from a Temple Street tomb.

Manuscript Society

1952–; Emphasizes arts and humanities. Distinctive modernist tomb and inclusive culture.

Elihu Club

1903–; Most open of the senior societies. Admitted women and minorities earlier than most.

Mace and Chain

1956–; Focused on community and democratic meetings. Smaller and more casual than older societies.

Delta Kappa Epsilon (DKE)

1844–; Founded at Yale. Known for elite membership and presidential alumni; somewhat defunct, now associated with a lot of SA allegations and a highly offensive chant.

Alpha Delta Phi (ADPhi)

1832–1900s; Influential literary fraternity. Declined in the 20th century but retains legacy.