Studied by 7 people
genetics, environment, lifestyle
3 main risk factors that contribute to a person’s health
social, occupational, intellectual, physical, financial, environment, emotional, spiritual
8 dimensions of health
infectious (communicable) diseases
Illnesses caused by harmful organisms (pathogens) that get into your body from the outside. Pathogens that cause ________ are viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. You can get ________ from other people, bug bites and contaminated food, water or soil.
bacterial, viral, fungal, parasites
4 main types of germs (pathogens)
viral
Not treatable with antibiotics, COVID, Common Cold
bacterial
Treatable with antibiotics, Strep Throat
fungal
Not treatable with antibiotics, Athletes Foot
parasite
Treatable with antibiotics, Malaria
passive immunity
Temporary immunity, born with immunity from mothers
active immunity
Immunity gained after antibodies are produced by the body in response to a pathogen
prevention of communicable diseases
hand washing
mask wearing
social distance
not sharing personal items
lymphocytes
White blood cells, the fighting cells, are a key part of the immune system.
phagocytes
Any cell that is capable of engulfing other foreign entities or objects.
antibodies
Produced when a certain antigen is detected as foreign inside of the body.
vaccination
Provide temporary or long term immunity against a certain pathogen.
antibiotics
Medicines to help stop infection from bacteria.
relapse
When an illness comes back after being close to being fought off, because of a poor health status.
chlamydia symptoms
Many do not develop symptoms, but may include pain in the eyes, lower abdomen, or discharge from penis/ vagina.
syphilis symptoms
Three stages, with the first stage showing painless sores on the genitals, rectum or mouth. The second stage presents a rash, and the third stage can result in brain, nerve, and heart damage.
gonorrhea symptoms
Painful urination and abnormal discharge from genitals.
HIV transmitted
Contact with HIV infected blood or with the mucous membranes of an infected individual.
blood, semen, vaginal secretions, breast-milk
4 bodily fluids that are able to transmit HIV
prevention of an STD
abstinence
wearing protection
not sharing needles
symptoms of herpes
pain, itching, sores. Can form ulcers and scabs.
symptoms of HIV
Flu-like symptoms present for a few weeks. Lays asymptomatic until it progresses into AIDS.
symptoms of HPV
Usually presents no symptoms. May form warts or ulcers on the genitals.
hormonal contraceptive
prevents the release of an egg from your ovaries into the uterus
non-hormonal contraceptive
prevents pregnancy by providing a barrier against sperm
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
An infection of the female reproductive organs.
Ectopic Pregnancy
A pregnancy where the fertilized egg implants itself outside of the uterus, usually inside of the fallopian tubes.
Congenital
A disease present from birth.
abstinence
The choice to avoid sex all together. The only way to 100% prevent an STD or a pregnancy.
asymptomatic
A disease which when present shows no symptoms.
silent carrier
When someone has an undiagnosed STD, usually a disease which is asymptomatic most of the time, such as Chlamydia.
great imitator
The nickname for Syphilis, because its symptoms present itself as multiple other diseases.
genetics, environment, lifestyle
3 risk factors for a non-infectious disease
environment
living in an area with tremendous levels of air pollution will increase your risk for diseases or cancers such as lung cancer or heart disease.
lifestyle
refraining from physical exercise or eating a poor diet can affect your nutrition, increase your risk of diabetes, which can increase your risk for multiple other diseases, like heart disease.
genetics
having a family history or a genetic history of strokes means you may have a greater risk of having a stroke later in life, for example.
cardiovascular disease
a disease of the heart and blood vessels
causes of cardiovascular disease
Buildup of plaque caused by a poor diet, smoking, alcohol abuse, stress, etc.
treatment for cardiovascular disease
Lifestyle changes, medications, surgery (stents), pacemakers.
prevention of cardiovascular disease
Live a healthy lifestyle such as getting exercise and eating a good diet, avoid alcohol and tobacco and those who abuse these substances.
hypertension
often known as the “silent killer”
high blood pressure
stroke
When blood supply to part of the brain is cut off, resulting in the death of neurons in that region of the brain.
melanoma
The most serious type of skin cancer - it has the ability to spread to other organs in the body.
a - asymmetry
b - border
c - color
d - diameter
e - evolving
how to tell if a mole is cancerous
ways to reduce risk of skin cancer
Avoid tanning or tanning beds
Use sunscreen
Stay in the shade + cover up with clothing
qualities of a healthy relationship
honesty and trust
clear communication
acceptance and respect
empathy
showing care and concern
sharing experiences
getting and giving support
ability to work out differences
personal responsibility
qualities of an unhealthy relationship
intensity
manipulation
sabotage
guilt-tripping
betrayal
possessiveness
isolation
belittling
deflection responsibility
consent
an active, voluntary, and verbal agreement
clear and enthusiastic “yes”
process and conversation
can always be withdrawn
stress
caused by external triggers
people will have mental and physical symptoms, such as irritability, anger, fatigue, muscle pain, digestive troubles, and difficulty sleeping
anxiety
persistent, excessive worries that don't go away even in the absence of a stressor
depression
feeling of sadness, hopelessness or loss of interest in life that affects the whole body.
types of mental illnesses
Depression, Anxiety, ADHD, Bi-Polar Disorder, Eating Disorders, Insomnia, Psychosis, PTSD, Schizophrenia, Trichotllomania
988
suicide and crisis hotline number
adrenaline and cortisol
2 hormones released during stressful situations
symptoms of stress
dizziness
headaches
loss of appetite
nicotine
addictive chemical in cigarettes
carbon monoxide
A colorless, odorless flammable and deadly gas.
short-term effects of tobacco use
Bad breath, loss of taste or smell, loss of energy or appetite.
long-term effects of tobacco use
Cancer, heart disease, rotting teeth, stroke, brain damage, muscular degeneration.
cirrhosis
a disease in which scar tissue replaces normal liver tissue
alcoholism
progressive, incurable disease in which a person is physically an psychologically dependent on alcohol
alcoholics anonymous
an alcohol rehabilitation program where alcoholics help each other
.08
you will get arrested for a DWI (driving while intoxicated) if your BAC is _____ or higher
depressant drug
slows down the central nervous system
preventable
fetal alcohol syndrome is ____________
1
the metabolism of alcohol occurs at the rate of ____ drink(s) per hour
proof
a measure of the percent of a given volume of a beverage that is made up of alcohol
fermentation
the process by which yeast produces ethanol from sugar
diuretic effect
a condition in which alcohol causes the body to lose more water than usual
BAC
the amount of alcohol present in a person’s body
heart defects and mental disabilities
fetal alcohol syndrome causes
depressant
alcohol drug category
hangover
caused by excessive alcohol consumption
zero tolerance law
A maximum BAC of less than .02 g/dL for drivers under 21. Violators have their driver licenses suspended or revoked.
tolerance
An increasing resistance to the effects of a certain drug on the body, requiring more of the drug to be taken to feel the effects.
dependence
When a person requires a certain drug to function either emotionally or physically or mentally.
addiction
When a person needs a drug to function on a day to day basis, will do almost anything to get that drug they crave. Withdrawals occur if use is stopped.
withdrawal
When someone stops using a drug after addiction or dependence and experiences unfavorable side effects such as insomnia, depression, anger, anxiety, etc. Can be physical or mental or emotional.
depressant / narcotic
what category of drug is heroin
hallucinogen / stimulant
what category of drug is ecstasy
hallucinogen / stimulant
what category of drug is LSD
stimulant
what category of drug is cocaine
check for danger
check for response
call 911
care for victim
4 c’s of first aid
AED (Automated External Defibrillator)
It is used to help those experiencing sudden cardiac arrest. It's a sophisticated, yet easy-to-use, medical device that can analyze the heart's rhythm and, if necessary, deliver an electrical shock, or defibrillation, to help the heart re-establish an effective rhythm.
compound fracture
A broken bone that breaks through the tissue and skin
simple fracture
A broken bone that does not break through skin
abrasion
a scrape or brush burn
laceration
a cut through the skin that is usually deep enough to require stitches
puncture
a hole in the skin caused by a sharp object
sprain
a stretch or tear of the ligament (connects bone to bone)
strain
a stretch or tear of the tendon (connects bone to muscle)
anaphylaxis
A severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction. It can occur within seconds or minutes of exposure to something you're allergic to, such as peanuts or bee stings.
epinephrine
Is used to treat a life-threatening allergic reactions caused by insect bites or stings, foods, medications, latex, and other causes. It works by relaxing the muscles in the airways and tightening the blood vessels.
1st degree burn
only the epidermis, or outer layer of skin, is burned. the skin is usually red and swells with pain
2nd degree burn
the outer layer of skin is burned through the 2nd layer (called the dermis) becomes red and blotchy
3rd degree burn
a major burn that involves all layers of the skin, tissue, muscle or even bone. areas may be charred black or appear dry and white
Good Samaritan law
a law protecting those who help the injured or ill from liability
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