U4 - Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structures

chemical bond

a mutual electrical attraction between the nuclei and valence electrons of different atoms that binds atoms

ionic bonds form between:

metals and nonmetals

ionic bonds ___ electrons between atoms

transfer

ionic bonds form:

salts

covalent bonds form between:

nonmetals

covalent bonds ___ electrons between atoms

share

covalent bonds form:

molecules

nonpolar covalent

equal sharing of electrons

polar covalent

unequal sharing of electrons

covalent

can have single, double, or triple bonds

covalent bonds

occur between atoms of elements with similar electronegativities

ionic or covalent?

find difference in electronegativities

ionic bonds have a ___ difference in electronegativities

larger

covalent bonds have a ___ difference in electronegativities

smaller

polar covalent bonds have a ___ difference in electronegativities

0.3 to 1.7

nonpolar covalent bonds have a ___ difference in electronegativities

0 to 0.3