Chemistry CC8

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9 Terms

1
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The pH scale

0 - 6 = Acids

7 = Neutral

8 - 14 = Alkalis

0 = Most acidic

14 = Most alkaline

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Acids

Form H+ ions in water

Higher H+ concentration - lower pH

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Alkalis

Form OH- ions in water

Higher OH- concentration - higher pH

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Indicators

Indicators go different colours due to the pH

<p>Indicators go different colours due to the pH </p>
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Acid reactions (hydrogen)

To test for hydrogen

  • lighted splint

  • H2 gas in test tube

  • Put the lit splint into the test tube

  • If hydrogen is present there will be a squeaky pop

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Acid reactions (Carbon dioxide)

To test for carbon dioxide

  • Limewater

  • Gas (CO2)

  • Bubble the gas through the limewater

  • If the limewater goes cloudy then Carbon dioxide is present

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Reactions of acids table

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Strong and weak acids

Strong acid

  • An acid that completely ionises in water to produce hydrogen ions. Some examples are - hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and nitric acid.

    Weak acid

  • An acid that partially ionises in water to produce hydrogen ions. Some examples are - Ethanoic acid, Citric acid, and Carbonic acid.

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Acid strength and concentration

Strength

  • The proportion of acid molecules that ionise in water.

    Concentration

  • The number of acid molecules in a certain volume of water.