Mrs. Jones Unit 1 Vocabulary

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Caste System

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32 Terms

1

Caste System

Social class structure in India that is determined by birth.

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2

Brahmins

#1 in caste system. Priests, Academics

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3

Kshatriyas

#2 in caste system. Rulers, Administrators, Warriors

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4

Vaishyas

#3 in caste system. Artisans, Tradesmen, Farmers, Merchants

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5

Shudras

#4 in caste system. Manual Laborers

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6

Dalits

Very bottom of caste system. “untouchables”, Street cleaners

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7

Hinduism

Oldest religion that is still practiced today. Is primarily focused on connecting to the supreme god, Brahman, and bettering oneself to escape the cycle of reincarnation

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8

Sanskrit

Ancient Indo-European language of India in which Hindu scriptures are written

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9

Vedas

Most ancient Hindu scriptures

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10

Nirvana

Final goal of Buddhism. There is neither suffering, desire, nor sense of self. The subject is released from the effects of karma and the cycle of death and rebirth.

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11

Lateen Sail

Triangular sail set, used especially on the Mediterranean and Indian Ocean trade routes

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12

Monsoon Winds

Seasonal winds of the Indian Ocean, blowing from the southwest in summer and from the northeast in winter. Used to help merchants trade.

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13

Caravans

A group of travelers, such as merchants or pilgrims, journeying together for safety in passing through deserts and/or hostile territorities.

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14

Satrap

A governor of a province in ancient Persian

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15

Confucianism

Philosophical and ethical teachings founded by Confucius. Created a structure for social life/politics based on responsibility and moral character.

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16

Filial Piety

In Confucianism the important virtue and primary duty of respect, obedience, and care for one's elderly family members.

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17

Taoism/Daoism

Chinese philosophy based on the writings of Lao-tzu that emphasized the idea that there is a balance in nature.

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18

Silk Road

A network of trade routes across Eurasia, connecting east Asia with the Mediterranean Sea.

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19

Hellenistic

The spread of Greek history, language, and culture under Alexandar the Great’s reign.

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20

Stoicism

Greek philosophy that preached good citizenship.

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21

pax

peace

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22

Democracy

Government system by the people. Citizen are able to vote for their elected officials

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23

Monarchy

Ruled by one person-typically a king, queen or emperor.

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24

Oligarchy

Ruled by only a few select people, usually held by strong military leaders.

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25

Theocracy

System of government in where government and religion are intertwind

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26

Tyranny

Cruel and oppressive government or rule.

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27

Islam

Monotheistic faith regarded as revealed through Muhammad as the Prophet of Allah. Followers are called Muslims.

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28

Sunni

A sect in Islam. Democractic vote in electing a leader that is NOT necessairly linked to Muhammad.

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29

Shia/Shitte

A sect in Islam. Elects leader linked to Muhammad’s lineage

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30

Torah

Holy Book of Judaism. Law of God revealed to Moses.

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31

Synagogues

Jewish place of worship & congregation

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32

Western Wall

Only remaining portion of the ancient Jewish synagogues. One of the most holy sites of Jewish religion.

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