The Cell Cycle and Mitosis

study starred terms for exam

cancer

abnormal mitosis

why does cancer occur

bc of change in function or DNA mutation occurring in gene that controls growth

heredity

passing down of info in chromosomes from parents to offspring

where are chromosomes located in eukaryotic cells

nucleus

diploid

2 chromosomes

haploid

1 chromosome

how many chromosomes are in each somatic cell

46 chromosomes (23 pairs)

steps in cell division

interphase, mitosis, cytokinesis

interphase

• cell grows and carries out normal functions

• DNA replication in form of chromatin

phases of mitosis

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

prophase

• chromosomes shorten and thicken

• centrioles move to opp poles & form spindle fibers

• nuclear membrane dissolves

metaphase

• spindle fibers align chromosomes at equator

• centromeres at equator

anaphase

• centromeres divide

• sister chromatids move to opp poles

telophase

• chromosomes reach opp poles

• spindle fibers dissolve

• nuclear membrane reforms

cytokinesis

• cytoplasm divides at midpoint

• organelles divided equally

how many chromosomes do you end up with after mitosis

46

stages of interphase

G1 (first growth phase), S (synthesis phase), G2 (second growth phase)

G1 phase

growth and normal metabolic roles

S phase

DNA replication

G2 phase

growth and preparation for mitosis

why do unicellular organisms divide

to reproduce

why do multicellular organisms divide

growth and repair