Unit 8 MCQ

Based on information in Figure 1, which of the following is closest to the annual growth rate of the wolf population in Yellowstone National Park from 1996 to 2004 ?

17 wolves per year

Based on the data in the figure, a student claimed that since 2007, the carrying capacity of wolves in Yellowstone National Park has been 100 wolves, and the maximum annual per capita growth rate of gray wolves is 0.6 wolves per wolf per year.

Which of the following is closest to the calculated wolf population size in 2017 based on the student’s claim?

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Identify the independent variable for the experimental results shown in Figure 2.

The presence of wolves

Which of the following best describes the change in coyote behavior in the presence of wolves?

Which of the following is the most likely cause of the change in mean aspen height from 1998 to 2010 ?

The reintroduction of wolves led to a decrease in the population of elk, allowing aspen trees to grow taller.

Which of the following correctly identifies the dependent and independent variables in the described study?

The presence of pups is the independent variable, and the frequency of sentinel behavior is the dependent variable.

Based on the information in Figure 1, which of the following best predicts a short-term effect of removing secondary consumer X from the community?

How do the data in Figure 1 support the alternative hypothesis that increased use of Bt corn reduces the impact of corn farming on the natural environment?

The toxin in Bt corn kills only the corn pests, leaving other insects unharmed.

Which of the following correctly identifies the dependent variable and the independent variable for the experiment?

The dependent variable is the percent change in the amount of nicotine, and the independent variable is the time interval the plants were exposed to the hornworms.

Of the following, which explains why the zooplankton also dipped during the same year and then seemed to cycle over the next three years?

The reduction in the phytoplankton population meant that the zooplankton’s energy source was drastically reduced, leading to the decrease in the zooplankton population size. After the dip, the phytoplankton provided a steady energy source, and the zooplankton population fluctuated around its carrying capacity.

If the current population size of bison is 3,652 and the maximum growth rate of the population is 0.28, calculate the population size after one year and determine whether the park will need to take measures to control the population.

The population will be 3,845 after a year. The bison will not pose a problem until the following year, and no conservation action will need to take place.

What do the data in Figure 1 suggest about a null hypothesis that the East China Sea ecosystem is unaffected by climactic events?

The null hypothesis is rejected since there are statistical effects EAWM of PDO and on surface sea temperature and copepod abundance.

Which of the following best describes a statistical relationship indicated in Figure 1 ?

Yellow bedstraw plants grow significantly more in the presence of both soil bacteria and AM fungi (treatment 4) than in the presence of soil bacteria alone (treatment 2).

Based on the data in Figure 1, which of the following statements is most accurate about the species diversity of the four different environments that the students analyzed?

Based on the data, there is no statistical difference between the species diversity of plants in the light, moist environment and in the dark, moist environment.

Which of the following statements best explains these relationships in terms of energy transfer?

Only 10% of the energy on each level of the trophic pyramid is available for use by the next level. The rest is lost as heat or used for growth and repair.

A researcher suggests that El Niño conditions cause a significant decrease in the size of the Galápagos marine iguana population. Which of the following would best support this alternative hypothesis?

Warm surface water contains fewer nutrients needed by red and green algae than cooler surface waters does.

Some researchers link changes in the distribution of these species to warming of the oceans due to climate change. Which of the following pieces of data best supports this alternative hypothesis?

The prey of these species require colder waters to survive, and owing to warming in the oceans, they are moving farther north, to higher latitudes, where the water is colder.

Which of the following best predicts the effects of an increase in killer whale predation on sea otters on the Adak Island ecosystem?

The sea urchin population will increase and the kelp population will decrease, leading to reduced total biomass and diversity in the Adak Island ecosystem.

Which of the following best explains the data in Table 1 ?

Yeast respond to nutritional stress with sexual reproduction, producing new genetic combinations, or dormancy.

A group of researchers suggest that the concentration of available phosphate in this particular section of the British river does not have a significant impact on which plant species grow. Alternatively, another group of researchers hypothesize that levels of available phosphate do affect which plant species grow at this location. Which of the following observations would best support this alternative hypothesis?

Increased fertilizer use near this section of the river has led to increased runoff of phosphates into the river.

Which of the following best supports the alternate hypothesis that zebra mussels display characteristics of an invasive species?

Lacking natural predators and able to outcompete native species of mussels and other freshwater species for food, zebra mussels have experienced exponential population growth and rapid expansion into new habitats.

Which of the following statements about the growth rate of the female vole population is best supported by the data in Figure 1?

It decreases from summer to fall.

Based on the data in Figure 1, which of the following statements best explains the relationship between numbers of females and eggs produced per day per female?

As the female population increases, each individual expends more energy on competition, leaving less energy available for egg production.

Assuming that both the birth and death rates remain at their current maxima, what will the penguin population be after 20 years?

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