Lecture 1- CHEMISTRY THE CENTRAL SCIENCE 1

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19 Terms

1

Chemistry

The branch of science that studies the properties, composition, and behavior of matter.

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2

Matter

Anything that has mass and occupies space.

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3

Substance

A form of matter that has a definite (constant) composition and distinct properties.

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4

Mixture

A combination of two or more substances in which the substances retain their distinct identities.

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5

Element

A substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by chemical means.

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6

Compound

A substance composed of atoms of two or more elements chemically united in fixed proportions.

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7

Homogeneous mixture

A mixture with a uniform composition throughout.

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8

Heterogeneous mixture

A mixture where the composition is not uniform.

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9

Physical properties

Properties that can be observed and measured without changing the identity of a substance.

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10

Chemical properties

Properties that can be observed when the matter undergoes a chemical change.

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11

Intensive properties

Properties that do not depend on the amount of matter in a sample.

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12

Extensive properties

Properties that depend on how much matter a sample contains.

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13

SI Base Units

International System of Units used for measurement.

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14

Density

The mass per unit volume of a substance.

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15

Significant Figures

Digits in a number that carry meaningful information about its precision.

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16

Precision

How close a set of measurements are to each other.

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17

Accuracy

How close a measurement is to the true value.

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18

Temperature

A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance.

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19

Scientific Method

A systematic approach to acquiring knowledge through observation, hypothesis, experimentation, and theory.

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