Sports Com Exam 1

Media Convergence

Refers to the merging of different types of media technologies and platforms through digitalization and computer networking

Pros of Media Convergence

-Simplifies production of media content

-Expands its distribution

-Consumers can access multiple forms of media content on a single device

-Consumers can also produce the content on their device

Cons of Media Convergence

-Not everyone has access to digital media

-Digital content can be copied, changed, and circulated with great ease

-Personal privacy and security concerns

5 major careers in sport communication

Management, Media, Support Services, Entertainment,Misc

Role of sport mass media

Serve to inform, educate, entertain masses of sport viewers

print media

sport publishing, print sport communication, newspaper, wire services, web sport media, sport magazines

Sender

creates and sends the message (coach)

Receiver

takes the information in (player)

Sport communication

A process by which people in sport, in a sport setting or through sport endeavor to "share symbols" (create meaning through interaction)

verbal communication

-Spoken/written communication

-use of words

Non-verbal communication

things like body language and eye contact

non verbal communication in sport

haptics, handshakes, hugs, patting

haptics

physically touching or a sense of touch

limited effects theory

If there is an effect created by the media on the thoughts and opinions of individuals; this effect is minimal at best or limited

hypodermic needle model

A model of communication suggesting that an intended message is directly received and wholly accepted by the receiver

2 step flow communication model

-info spread through opinion leaders

-audience being receptive to and willing to adopt new information

limited effects

-people play an active role in media consumption

• audiences are responsible for choosing media to meet their desires and needs to achieve gratification

• people do not receive messages from mass media unquestionably

intrapersonal

communicating with oneself or internal communication

interpersonal

two way flow of information between individuals

intraorganizational

within sport organizations and between internal members

interorganizational

two way flow of information between organizations

6 elements of interpersonal sport communication process

source-receiver, messages, feedback, channels, noise, context

source-receiver

-source creates and sends the message

-receiver receives the message sent by the sender

-encoding and decoding

messages

-information flow

-upward, downward, lateral, or grapevine

feedback

consists of information from others

channels

-means of communication

-medium through which the message is sent

-connects source and receiver

noise

physical, psychological

9 forms of nonverbal communication

-substitute for verbal by using gestures

-complementing verbal by enhancing/clarifying

-modifying spoken word by stressing certain words/pausing/smiling

-contracting

-regulating or managing conversation

-expressing

-navigating relationships

-conveying identity

communication channels

-verbal and nonverbal forms of discourse

-forms of communication arranged into categories based on levels of interaction by the audience

least interactive communication formats

-written word

-delivered without face to face

potentially interactive

-delivered to an audience or without interaction

-most frequently used

-mediated oral communication

most interactive communication formats

-working sessions

-synchronous electronic communication

-personal communication

autocratic

-high task-oriented and low-relationship oriented communication

Consultative

-Combination of high task oriented high relationship oriented

participative

Combination of low task oriented and high relationship oriented communication

Laissez-faire

Low levels of task oriented and relationship oriented communication

mutually beneficial

-Media provides a level of stability to the sports ecosystem

-Contracts provide revenue streams that those entities can count on year to year

-Media generates profit through sports while sports and its contents are transmitted through media