An Introduction to Sociology: Chapter 4 - Socialization, Interaction, and the Self CHPT 4

A collection of 45 flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts related to socialization, interaction, and the self as discussed in Chapter 4 of 'The Real World: An Introduction to Sociology'.

Socialization

The process of learning and internalizing the values, beliefs, and norms of our social group.

Lifelong Process

Socialization continues throughout a person's entire life.

Feral Children

Children who have had little human contact and may have lived in social isolation.

Thomas Theorem

If people define situations as real, they are real in their consequences.

Looking-Glass Self

The concept that our self develops through our perception of others' evaluations of us.

Inborn Status

A status assigned at birth that is difficult or impossible to change.

Embodied Status

A status generated by physical characteristics.

Achieved Status

A status earned through individual effort or imposed by others.

Impression Management

The effort to control the impressions we make on others.

Dramaturgy

An approach that analyzes social life in terms of its similarities to theatrical performance.

Role Conflict

A situation where one experiences contradictory expectations from multiple roles.

Role Strain

Contradictory expectations within a single role.

Role Exit

The process of leaving a role that one no longer occupies.

Emotional Labor

Managing feelings to create a publicly observable display of emotion.

Hidden Curriculum

Values or behaviors that students learn indirectly during schooling.

Copresence

Face-to-face interaction or being in the presence of others.

Master Status

A status that is always relevant and affects all other statuses possessed.

Stereotyping

Judging others based on preconceived generalizations about groups.

Total Institutions

Institutions in which individuals are cut off from society to create new roles and identities.

Feeling Rules

Norms regulating the expression and display of emotions.

Social Construction

The process by which individuals collectively agree that a concept or practice exists.

Social Isolation

A state where individuals lack social interaction, negatively impacting their development.

Agents of Socialization

Entities that provide structured situations where socialization occurs.

Social Environment

The societal context in which individuals are socialized and interact.

Sociobiology

A branch of science that uses biological explanations for social behavior.

Dual Nature of the Self

The idea of experiencing oneself as both subject and object.

Preparatory Stage

The first stage in Mead’s theory where children mimic others.

Play Stage

The second stage in Mead's theory where children take on the roles of significant others.

Game Stage

The third stage in Mead's theory where children understand the perspectives of the generalized other.

Conscience (Superego)

The internalized demands of society according to Freud's theory.

Id

The part of the mind containing basic inborn drives and instincts.

Ego

The realistic aspect of the mind balancing the id and superego.

Social Patterns of Emotions

The idea that emotional responses are influenced by social contexts.

Social Norms

Accepted behaviors and beliefs within a society.

Civility

Behaviors that are meant to save face or avoid embarrassment.

Reality Theorem

The concept that our definitions of situations influence their outcomes.

Normative Expectations

The anticipations about how individuals should act in certain contexts.

Social Behavior

Interactions influenced by cultural and societal norms.

Patterns of Emotional Response

Consistent ways individuals express emotions based on social influences.

Emotional Expression

The outward display of feelings recognized by others.

Response Patterns

Common ways individuals react emotionally in various situations.

Interpersonal Relationships

Connections between individuals shaped by socialization processes.

Childhood Development

The phase where foundational attributes of identity and behavior are established.

Cultural Variations in Emotion

Differences in how cultures express and manage feelings.