Philosophy

Fill-in-the-blank flashcards covering key definitions, origins, branches, and foundational ideas from the notes on Philosophy (Lessons 1.1–1.4).

The word philosophy comes from two Greek words: philos (__) and sophia (wisdom).

love

Philosophy is the study of ___ and ___ questions about existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language.

general and fundamental

There are two kinds of wisdom: ___ Wisdom and Human Wisdom.

Divine

___ Wisdom is characterized by being From Above, Pure, Peaceable, Gentle, Open to Reason, Full of Mercy, Impartial, and Full of Good Fruits.

Divine

___ Wisdom is the quality of having an experience, knowledge, and good judgement; the quality of being wise.

Human

___ is something we gain from experience.

Knowledge

___ is deeper than knowledge.

Wisdom

Greece is the birthplace of philosophy in the West, ___ specifically the ancient Greek city of gave birth to philosophy.

Miletus

___ is the Father of Philosophy in the Western civilization.

Thales

Thales believed that there is ___ in the Many.

One

Religion rests on faith while philosophy rests on ___.

reason

Pythagoras (570 BCE to 495 BCE) was credited with formulating the ___ theorem.

Pythagorean

Heraclitus proposed that everything that exists is based on a higher order or plan which he called ___.

logos

___ devoted himself to the study of the causes of natural phenomena.

Democritus

___ of Sinope was a known advocate of living a simple and virtuous life.

Diogenes

___ believed that philosophy could enable man to live a life of happiness.

Epicurus

The ___ method — means of examining a topic by devising a series of questions that let the learner examine and analyze his knowledge and views regarding the topic.

Socratic

Plato’s most significant ideas included his ___.

Theory of Forms

Plato is also known for his ___, a method of inquiry where two opposing ideas are discussed in an attempt to arrive at new knowledge.

dialectic

Plato’s lasting contribution to learning was his founding of the ___.

Academy

___ attended the Academy and was the prominent student of Plato.

Aristotle

Aristotle's ___ studies in logic led to the formulation of reasoning.

deductive

___ thinking refers to a perspective that considers large-scale patterns in systems.

Holistic

___ thinking focuses on specific aspects of a situation.

Partial

___ describes the perception of an event or phenomenon and how exactly it is viewed.

Point of view

__ thinking is useful, but philosophy utilizes holistic thinking in making sense of problems.

Partial

Why do we philosophize? We have the tendency to and doubt.

wonder

is a good communicator who can clearly and adequately present his or her ideas.

Philosopher

Plato traced man’s need to philosophize to his sense of .

wonder

French philosopher Rene Descartes traced the need to philosophize to .

doubt

Swiss-German philosopher Karl Jaspers saw the need to philosophize because of .

experience

Logic - from the Greek word 'logos'; the science of .

correct reasoning

Philosophy of Human Person – from the Greek word 'prosopon' which means person, the science of study of man in relation to his own destiny, God, and to his fellowmen.

Philosophy of Human Person

Cosmology – from the Greek words 'kosmos' which means world and 'logia' which means the study of; is the science of the study of inanimate objects.

Cosmology

Metaphysics – from the Greek words 'meta' which means beyond, upon or after and 'physika' which means physics; is the science of the being.

Metaphysics

Ethics – from the Greek word 'ethikos' which means custom or character; is the science of morality of human act.

Ethics

Aesthetics – from the Greek word 'aisthetikos' which means sensitive, sentient, pertaining to sense perception; is the science of art and beauty.

Aesthetics

Epistemology – from the Greek word 'episteme' which means knowledge; is the science of the theory of knowledge.

Epistemology

Psychology – from the Greek words 'psyche' which means breath, soul or spirit and 'logos' which means study; the science of human behavior.

Psychology

Social Philosophy – from the Greek word 'koino~nikós' which means group or associate; is a science of principles governing human relations.

Social Philosophy

Theodicy – from the Greek words 'theos' which means God, and 'dike' which means study; is the science of the study of God.

Theodicy

Theology discusses about God but they use and tradition in order to arrive into conclusion.

faith