Multimodal test

Mode

Means of communicating

Medium

Channel though which communications are conveyed

Genre

Commonly recognized form of communication

Accessibility Oswal

The quality or condition of being accessible

Multimodal

Communication not limited to one mode ex. textbooks

MultiMedia

the integration of two or more communications media

CRAP

C- CONTRAST R REPETITION A ALIGNMENT P PROXIMITY

Perceviable

A user can readily discern the contents of a webpage

Pre-intro

Offers episode specific information

Intro

provides a quick introductions with a hook to keep views interested

Outro

concludes the podcast

Disablity 1547

A physical or mental condition that limits a person’s movements, senses, or activites or the facts or state of having such condition

Access

The power, opportunity, permisson, or right to come near or into contact with someone or something.

Access 2

Describes the ablity to enter into, move about within, and operate the facilities of a site

Medical Model

• Implies that disability is a property of an individual body

• Individuals are expected to go through grief

Social Model

• perspective of what is disability comes from society

  • Inaccessible buildings disable wheelchair users

  • Glasses being widespread make them not seen as a disability

Cultural Model

Internal adaptations and creative responses of disabled people themselves Separation and preservation

Ability / Ableism

• Assumes that some people (and bodies) are ‘normal’ a superior, while other people (and bodies) are ‘abnormal’ and inferior

  • Simple form: preference toward able-bodiedness

  • Extreme form: denies human status towards disabled people

Impairment

The state or fact of a faculty or function being weakened or damaged

Accommodation 2

The process of adapting or adjusting to someone or something

Identity

• Person first vs disability first

• “Person with autism”

• “Autistic person”

Illness

A threat to someone’s health

When comparing it to a disability, it implies that it can or needs to be fixed

Being disabled does not equal illness; but they can coexist

Difference / Diversity

While diversity acknowledges the unique identity of such peoples, it also stresses that despite differences, we are all the same that is, we are all humans with equal rights and privileges. No one group is better or superior to another

Normal

often appears as if it is a static state of affairs, and when people are said to have an unwanted condition, they may be deemed to have an abnormality

Impression management

• Refusing assistance to demonstrate competency, hiding their disability, or using humor

  • Ex: a young individual not using a cane or similar mobility aid despite the connectivity issues in their joints

Social masking

Using humor, an extroverted attitude, or similar to appear normal and upbeat, or to prove self-love

Stigma

Refers to the disapproval and disadvantage that attach to people who are seen as different; its repercussions can be far-reaching

Dis/ability

Captures the existence of disability and ability in opposition with one another”

Lyotard - grand narratives

Modern history has shown us that totalising grand narratives or dominant discourses serve some but fail many others.

Discourse

Regulated systems of statements, ideas and practices presenting particular forms of knowledge that we use to shape the subjective sense of who we and others are

Truth

There is no capital T truth because we keep learning and growing

Signs = signifier/signified

Assigned opposing poles so that ‘one cannot exist without implying the existence of the other

Binaries

There are only two options ex.  black white man women

Biopower

The ways in which modern societies control and manage the biological lives of people and populations

Biopolitics

Politics relating to the “the management of life” in the name of the well-being of the population

Archeologies

Interested in epistemology and the natural and human sciences

Genealogies

Concerned with technologies of the self and the practices of human nature

Relativism - pros/cons

Asserting that impairments are discursively constructed and argues that realism views ignore the broader social and cultural dimensions that shape our understanding of dis/ability

Realism - pros/cons

Argues for material existence of impairments

Risks of ignoring the social, economic and cultural construction of the very biological facts that they want to distinguish from culture

Author

Writer/speaker

Message

What they want the audience to take away from the story

Audience

reader /listener

Purpose

What the writer seeks from the audience

Context

Who is discussing this, where/when is this an issue.

Linguistic

Messages are communicated through written language

Visual

Messages are communicated through visual language, including colors, patterns and textures

Auditory

Spoken language and other auditory sources, such as music and sound effects

Spatial

Organization of objects in space, such as a visual grid system

Gestural

Communicated nonverbally through physical gestures such as ASL facial affects and dance

Hierarchy

Making title, subheadings, and headings bigger than body so you have a good contrast and that people can see where they want to go and what sections are about

Layout

Rule of third, golden ratio, white space grids, and proximity

Color

Advises contrasting colors, avoiding eye strain, and avoiding colors that may be difficult to differentiate for color blind viewers

Images

don’t put it in the middle of words and make sure it has a good resolution

Text

find accessible text avoid script have at least 12 for general text 16 for web

Pageen Reichert Powell, “Writing Changes: Beyond the Binary of Writing versus Multimodality”

Talks about the binary used in discussions of multimodality and writing, the assumption that writing is monomodal, assumptions about multimodality, goes beyond this binary

Sushil K. Oswal, “Accessibility”

There must be accessibility in our design and on the web. There is no universal design We must not forget about disabled people while designing and think of collaboration

Claire Lauer, “Contending with Terms: ‘Multimodal’ and ‘Multimedia’ in the Academic and Public Spheres”

Multimedia is used more, especially in public spheres, multimodal has only begun to appear since the 90s and is the more academic term that is gaining some traction

Kefaya Diab, “Enabling the Reader”

Discusses accessibility for readers, and how writers/designers can work to enable the reader. Points out font style and sizing, comprehension, gives assignment example.

Hannah J. Rule, “Beyond Page Design: Writing as Multimodal Embodied Meaning”

Discusses the discourse around writing/linguistic mode as monomodal/multimodal, a word/writing dominant culture, embodied writing

Lindsay A. Sabatino, “Introduction: Design Theory and Multimodal Consulting”

Introduces the different modes, rhetorical choices and narrative, visual design principles (font, grouping, etc), audio design principles, and universal and accessible design

Sohui Lee and Jarret Krone, Chapter 4, “Brochures: Helping Students Make Good Design Decisions”

Discusses brochures. Discusses design principles, the different ways brochures can be folded, brevity of information, etc

Russell Carpenter and Courtnie Morin, Chapter 5, “Academic Research Posters: Thinking Like a Designer”

Discusses academic research posters, design principles, rhetorical situation, elements, layout, gives activity assignment

Brian Fallon, 3, “Artist and Design Statements: When Text and Image Make Meaning Together

Discusses artist and design statements, gives examples of different ways artists/designers compose theirs.

Jason Palmeri, “Multimodality Before and Beyond the Computer”

Discusses multimodality in terms of technology, digital writing, contests the notion that multimodality is modern/digital, explores multimodality and technological use in classrooms pre-computer

Ben McCorkle, “A Tale of Two Tablets: Tracing Intersections of Materiality, the Body, and Practices of Communication”

Compares the computer tablet to ancient tablets

Shawn Apostel, 6, “Prezi and PowerPoints Designed to Engage: Getting the Most Out of Quick-and-Dirty Pathos”

Discusses presentations such as PowerPoints, Prezi, and Google Slides. Talks about how to best appeal to an audience, the pros and cons of different software design elements, etc

Kathleen Blake Yancey, “‘With Fresh Eyes’: Notes Toward the Impact of New Technologies on Composing

Discusses multimodality in the classroom, how it isn’t but could be implemented, curricula, curation, assemblage

Bruce Horner, “Modality as Social Practice in Written Language”

Modality as a social practice, discusses multimodality through a neoliberal lens, how multimodality is seen as more, newer, better, how decisions in “default” writing is overlooked, compares with chamber music, multimodality as a commodity, how alphabetic text is looked down on/misunderstood, ideological stuff

Stephanie Vie, “Facebook Posts, Twitter Hashtags, and Snapchat Stories: Changing Conceptions of Writing in a Social Media Landscape”

They argue if social media writing should be taught in schools or not because it is a different form of writing.

Clint Gardner, Joe McCormick, and Jarrod Barben, Chapter 9, “Web-Design Tutoring: Responding as a User”

Web design principles, language used, working on mental models, offloading tasks,website genre, accessible design, how users interface with websites

Sara Cooper, “Something Borrowed, Something New: Multimodal Composition through the Reclamation of Vernacular Literacies”

Discusses “vernacular” literacies, like scrapbooks, looking into multimodality used chiefly by women in 19th/20th century, how these vernacular literacies take the public sphere into the private

Suzanne Kesler Rumsey, “Heritage Literacy: Adoption, Adaptation, and Alienation of Multimodal Literacy Tools”

How her family was able to connect with multimodality with quilts and how many forms of multimodality like scrapbooking and sewing have been used in history and that it gave women voices

Brenta Blevins, 10, “Podcasts: Sound Strategies for Sonic Literacy”

Discusses podcasts, goes into audio design and terms, audio editing, parts of a podcast, voice and delivery, sound, transcripts, gives an example assignment

Crystal VanKooten, “Experimentation, Integration, Play: Developing Digital Voice Through Audio Storytelling”

Instructions for audio editing assignment. Has students play around with sound elements, analyze a podcast, distorting sounds

Chad Iwertz Duffy, “Disabling Soundwriting: Sonic Rhetorics Meet

Podcasts with transcripts are beneficial to not disable your audience. They also showed their students that editing is important and the importance of voice