LU 1 Review of Female Reproductive System

What are the components of female reproductive organs ?

• external genitalia

• internal genitalia

• accessory reproductive organs

What are the functions of female reproductive system ?

• produce sex hormones and gametes

• support developing embryo

• nourish newborn infant

What are the parts of the external genitalia (vulva) ?

• Mons pubis

• Labia majora

• Labia minora

• Clitoris

• Urethral orifice

• Vaginal opening

• Perineum

What is mons pubis and its function ?

• triangular mound of fatty tissue that covers the pubic bone

• sex hormones trigger the growth of pubic hair on the mons pubis

• function : protects the pubic symphysis

What is labia majora and its function ?

• it is the outer lips

• covered with hair and sebaceous glands

• function : protect the introitus and urethral openings

What is labia minora and its function ?

• made up of erectile, connective tissue that darkens and swell during sexual arousal

• functions : tightens during intercourse

What is clitoris and its function ?

• highly sensitive organ

• become engorged with blood during sexual stimulation

• function : key to sexual pleasure for most women

What is vaginal opening (introitus) ?

• the opening may be covered by a thin sheath called hymen

• using the presence of an intact hymen for determining virginity is wrong

• hymen can be perforated by many vigorous events

What is Bartholin’s gland ?

• glands next to the vaginal opening that secrete mucus

What is perineum and its function ?

• the muscle and tissue located between vaginal opening and anal canal

• function : support and surround the lower parts of urinary and digestive tracts

What is episiotomy and its type ?

• incision of the perineum during childbirth for widening the vaginal opening

• type : midline and mediolateral episiotomy

What are the parts of internal genitalia ?

• Vagina

• Uterus

• Cervix

• Fallopian tube

• Ovaries

What is vagina and its function ?

• connects the cervix to the external genitals

• functions : as a passageway for menstrual flow

• as a birth canal during labor

What is cervix and its function ?

• connect the uterus to the vagina

• cervical opening to the vagina is small

• function : as a safety precautions against foreign bodies entering the uterus

What is uterus ?

• a pear shaped organ referred as the womb

• made up of endometrium, myometrium and perimetrium

What is fallopian tubes and its function ?

• referred as the oviducts or uterine tubes

• functions : as a pathway for the ovum to the uterus

• site of fertilization by the male sperm

What is ovaries and its function ?

• female sex glands

• function : develop and expel ovum each month

• follicles in ovaries produce the female sex hormones (progesterone and estrogen : hormones that prepare the uterus for implantation of the fertilized eggs)

What are the accessory organs of female reproductive organs ?

• structures that support reproduction but dont produce eggs

• uterus

• fallopian tube

• vagina

• clitoris

• labia majora

• labia minora

What is breast ?

• organs of sexual arousal

• contain mammary gland

• each breast contain 15-25 clusters called lobes

What are the female hormones and its function ?

What are the menstrual cycles and its phases ?

• ovarian cycle : follicular, ovulation, luteal phase

• uterine cycle : menstrual, proliferative, secretory phase

What are the bones of bony pelvis ?

• 2 hip bones made of ilium, ischium, pubic bone

• sacrum and coccyx

What are the type of female pelvis ?

What are the differences of each female pelvis ?