Micro HSB - Laboratory Major Practicals

A - pharyngeal arch

B - arytenoid cartilage

C - pharynx

identify the structures

Endoderm

Germ layer derivative for the lining epithelium, larynx, pharynx, bronchi, and lungs

Splanchnic mesoderm

Germ layer derivative of rest of the larynx, connective tissue, muscle, and cartilage

4th and 5th laryngeal arches; cartilages, epiglottis

Respiratory diverticulum came from _________ and will become ________ and _________ area

Lateral plate mesoderm

Germ layer derivative of arytenoid cartilage

4th and 6th pharyngeal arch

Arytenoid cartilage is a derivative of what pharyngeal arch

4th and 5th week

Pharyngeal arch appears in _____ and _____ week of development

Laryngeal inlet

Identify the structure

Laryngeal inlet

A sagittal slit that turns into T-shaped opening and is found immediately behind the third median swelling formed by the posterior part of the 4th arch (epiglottis)

A - laryngeal inlet

B - larynx

C - pharynx

Identify the structures

A - neural tube

B - notochord

C - trachea

D - esophagus

Identify the structures

A - mesonephric tubules

B - mesonephric glomeruli

C - esophagus

D - R & L bronchus

Identify the structures

A - esophagus

B - lung bud

Identify the structures

A - nasal septum

B - inferior concha

C - nasal cavity

D - hard palate

E - olfactory region

F - respiratory region

G - inferior concha

Identify the structure

A - olfactory epithelium

B - respiratory epithelium

Identify the structures

Encircled - olfactory region

A - fila olfactoria (bundles of axons that make up the olfactory nerve)

B - bowman’s glands

Lining epithelium - pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

Identify the structures and lining epithelium

Superior conchae

This structure covers the _________ conchae

Respiratory region

LE: pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells

Identify the structure and lining epithelium

Nasopharynx

LE: pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells

A: mucus secreting glands

Identify the structure and lining epithelium

A - pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells

B - laryngeal glands

C - laryngeal cartilage

Identify the structures

A - Superior epiglottis (lingual portion)

LE: stratified squamous epithelium

Identify the structure and lining epithelium

B - Inferior epiglottis (laryngeal portion)

LE: pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells

Identify the structure and lining epithelium

A - seromucous gland

B - vestibular fold

C - ventricle

D - vocal cord

E - vocalis ligament

F - vocalis muscle

Identify the structures

A - seromucous glands

B - false vocal cords / vestibular folds

Identify the structure

A - false vocal cords / vestibular folds (pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells)  

B - true vocal cords / vocal cords (stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium)

Identify the structure

true vocal cords / vocal cords

A - stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium 

B - elastic fiber bundles

C - vocalis muscle

Identify the structure

A - pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells

B - tracheal muscle

C - trachealis muscle

D - tracheal cartilage

Identify the structures

Trachea

Identify the structure

Trachea HPO

M - mucosa

SM - submucosa

B - tracheal glands

C - tracheal cartilage

Identify the structure

Trachea LPO

A - perichondrium (dense irregular CT)

B - chondrocytes

Identify the structure

Trachea

Identify the structure

A - visceral pleura (simple squamous epithelium)

B - alveoli

Identify the structure

A - intrapulmonary bronchus

B - respiratory vessel

Identify the structure

Intrapulmonary bronchus

Identify the structure

Intrapulmonary bronchus LPO

A - smooth muscle

B - pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells

C - bronchial cartilage

Identify the structure

Bronchioles (no submucosal glands and cartilage)

LE: Simple ciliated columnar and cuboidal epithelium with few goblet cells

Identify the structure and LE

Terminal bronchiole

Identify the structure

Terminal bronchiole

LE: Simple ciliated cuboidal epithelium with club cells

A - alveolar sac

B - alveolar duc

Identify the structure and LE

Respiratory bronchiole

LE: Simple ciliated cuboidal epithelium with club cells and scattered alveoli

Identify the structure and LE

A - alveolar duct (fewer smooth muscle and more surrounded by alveoli)

LE - simple squamous epithelium

Identify the structure

A - intrapulmonary bronchiole

B - terminal bronchiole

C - respiratory bronchiole

D - alveolar duct

Identify the structure

Lungs

A - respiratory bronchioles

B - alveolar ducts

C - alveolar sacs

Identify the structure

A - type 1 pneumocyte; lines 95% of alveolar surface

B - type 2 pneumocyte; secretes pulmonary surfactant

Identify the structure and their respective functions

Type II pneumocystis

Identify the structure

A - alveolar macrophage

Identify the structure

• parotid gland

• submandibular gland

• sublingual gland

Three types of salivary glands

Parotid gland

A: purely serous acinus (branched acinar)

B: adipocytes

Identify the structure (A is type of gland and secretion)

Parotid gland - interlobular duct

Identify the structure

Parotid gland - intercalated duct

Identify the structure 

Parotid gland - striated duct

Identify the structure 

Submandibular/submaxillary gland

• branched tubulo acinar gland

• mixed predominantly serous

Identify the structure, gland, and secretion)

Submaxillary/submandibular gland & serous demilunes (demilunes of Gianuzzi)

Identify the structure

Sublingual gland

• branched tubuloacinar gland

• mixed predominantly mucous

Identify the structure, gland, and secretion

Sublingual gland and serous demilunes (demilunes of Gianuzzi)

Identify the structure

Sublingual gland

A - mucus acinus

B - serous acinus

C - serous demilunes (demilunes of gianuzzi)

Identify the structure

Liver

A - portal area

B - central vein

Identify the structures

Organ - liver

Shape of cell - polygonal

Number of nucleus - mono and bi nucleated

Location of nucleus - central

Arrangement - rows, cords, columns

Identify the organ, parenchyma, shape of cell, number of nucleus, location of nucleus, and arrangement

Liver - sinusoids

Identify the structure

Liver - von kupffer cells

Identify the structures

Portal triad

A - bile duct

B - hepatic artery

C - portal vein

Identify the structure

Portal triad

A - portal vein

B - bile duct

C - hepatic artery

Identify the structure

Portal triad

A - bile duct

B - portal vein

C - hepatic artery

Identify the structure

A - zone I (most oxygenated)

B - zone II (intermediate)

C - zone III (least oxygenated)

Identify the structure

Gallbladder

A - mucosa

B - tunica muscularis

C - tunica serosa

D - mesothelium

E - tunica adventitia

F - liver

Identify the structure

Gallbladder Mucosa

A - Simple columnar

B - Lamina propria

C - Rokitanski-aschoff (ra sinus)

Identify the structure

Pancreas

A - islets of langerhans

B - pancreatic acinar cells

Identify the structure

pancreas - islets of langerhans

identify the structure

Pancreas

• Square - pancreatic acinar cells

• Pointed - centro acinar cells

Identify the structure

Pancreas

A - pancreatic acinar cells

B - centro acinar cells

Identify the structure