Motivation Theories: Maslow, Taylor, and Herzberg

Flashcards covering key concepts from Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, Taylor's Scientific Management, and Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory.

According to Maslow, where do individuals typically start in the hierarchy of needs?

At the bottom, with physical (physiological) needs.

Which level of Maslow's hierarchy includes basic necessities like food and shelter?

Physical needs.

In Maslow's hierarchy, what type of needs involve protection against unemployment, loss of income, and physical safety (e.g., protective clothing)?

Safety needs.

Maslow's Social needs are characterized by what aspects?

The desire to belong to a group, teamwork, and working with supportive colleagues.

Which level of Maslow's hierarchy is about being given recognition for a job well done, such as a promotion?

Esteem needs.

According to Maslow, what happens once a physiological need has been satisfied for an individual?

It is no longer a motivator, and the individual moves up to the next level.

What was Taylor's fundamental assumption about workers and their enjoyment of work?

Workers do not enjoy work and require close supervision and control.

How did Taylor suggest managers should organize tasks for efficiency?

Managers should break down tasks into smaller ones.

What payment method did Taylor advocate for workers to increase productivity?

Piece-rate.

Taylor's approach is characterized as what type of management style, and what were its primary organizational outcomes?

An autocratic approach, leading to the start of mass production, increased productivity, and decreased costs.

According to Herzberg, what are the factors that, if absent, can cause dissatisfaction, but do not necessarily motivate when present?

Hygiene factors.

What types of factors did Herzberg suggest were directly related to motivation, growth, and responsibility?

Motivator factors.