The Skeletal System-Exam 1 NOT DONE YET

What kind of tissue is cartilage

Connective tissue

Costal cartilage

attaches to sternum

Articular cartilage

covers weight bearing surfaces that are part of synovial joints that provide smooth, low friction gliding surfaces for free movement

Does cartilage have a blood supply

No they are avascular

How does cartilage get oxygen and nutrients

diffusion

Does the proportion of bone and cartilage in the skeleton change as the body ages and grows

Yes when you are younger you have more cartilage

What type of tissue are bones

Connective

What surrounds each bone

periosteum

what is periosteum

fibrous connective tissue

what does the periosteum do

nourishes the external aspects of skeletal tissue, is capable of laying down more bone (healing fractures), provides the interface for attachment of tendons and ligaments

What do the adult bones provide

Support, protection, mechanics/movement, storage, and production

What do the bones store

salts particularly calcium

what do bones produce

new blood cells

where do bones produce new blood cells

red bone marrow

what do the bones store in the yellow bone marrow

triglycerides (fats)

what is apart of the axial skeleton

skull, hyoid, rib cage, vertebral column

what is apart of the appendicular skeleton

upper limb and pectoral girdle, lower limb and pelvic girdle

Long bones

tubular

Example of long bones

femur

short bones

cuboidal

Example of short bones

found only in tarsus (ankle) and carpus (wrist)

Flat bones

usually serve protective functions

Example of flat bones

sternum

Irregular bones

Various shapes

Example of irregular bones

vertebra

Sesamoid bones

develop within tendons and found where tendons cross the end of long bones. protects the tendons from excessive wear and often change the angle of tendons as they pass to their attachments

Only 3 sesamoid bones

patella, pisiform, and hyoid

sutrual bones

found within the sutures of the skull

Are sutural bones found in all people

no

Body

principal mass of a bone

neck

relatively narrow portion proximal to head

Shaft between 2 ends

body of a long bone called the diaphysis/diaphyses

Crest

ridge of bone

Example of crests

iliac crest

Epicondyle

Eminence superior or adjacent to a condyle

Example of an epicondyle

Lateral epicondyle of the humerus

line

linear elevation sometimes called a ridge

Example of a line

Soleal line of tibia

Malleolus

rounded process

Example of a malleolus

tibia/fibula

Process

an extension serving a particular purpose, having a characteristic shape, and extending in a particular direction

Example of an a process

transverse process

protuberance

bulge or projection of bone

example of a protuberance

occipital protuberance

spine

thorn like process

example of a spine

spinal process vertebrae

trochanter

large blunt elevation

example of a trochanter

femur

tubercle

smalled raised eminence

example of a tubercle

humerus/ greater or lesser

tuberosity

large rounded elevation

Example of a tuberosity

the calcaneal tuberosity