Gas Laws

Pressure

Force per unit area on a surface

Formula for Pressure

P= F/a

To increase a force what can you do

-Increase T

-Decrease V

-add more gas particles

To decrease area what can you do

-Decrease T

-Increase V

Gases move from what

areas of high pressure to low pressure continuously and spontaneously

Barometers

measure atmospheric pressure

Manometer

measures pressure in a closed container

For barometers and manometers what element is used

Mercury (Hg)

What is Mercury

-Liquid

-Really dense

-Really heavy

All temperatures need to be converted to what

Kelvin

Relationship between atm, mmHg, torr, and kPa

1 atm = 760 mmHg = 760 torr = 101.325 kPa

For suction cups does suction exist?

No, there is no suction does not exist rather it is being pushed off of

What happens to the volume of the suction cup when being pushed down

The volume decreases

What causes a suction cup to be stuck to a table

The pressure from the outside is trying to get to the pressure that is inside

For vacuum cleaners how is low pressure created

The fan inside of the vacuum creates low pressure

Does suction exists in vacuum cleaners

No, suction doesn’t exist in vacuum cleaners, rather the dirt is being pushed into the vacuum

What is a fixed quantity in the gas laws

A constant variable that does not change which is moles

Boyle’s Law

For a fixed quantity of gas at CONSTANT T, pressure varies INVERSELY with volume

Charles’ Law

For a fixed quantity of gas at CONSTANT P, volume varies DIRECTLY with temperature (IN KELVIN)

Gay-Lussac’s Law

For a fixed quantity of gas at CONSTANTLY V, pressure varies DIRECTLY with temperature (IN KELVIN)

Combined Gas Law

For a fixed quantity of gas, pressure and temperature (IN KELVIN) vary directly and indirectly with volume

Partial Pressure

Pressure of each gas in a mixture of gases

Total pressure of a mixture of gases

is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of each gas

In Dalton’s Law

-Each gas does NOT know that the other one exists

-Adding another gas to the mixture ONLY changes the TOTAL pressure, not the pressure of any other gases in the mixture