AP Geography Modules 2-7

Natural resources

Natural resources are processes and things that happen naturally on Earth. Humans use them for economic benefit

Nonrenewable resources

resources that will be on earth for a limited amount of time. They won’t be replenished when ran out of (Natural resources)

Fossil fuels

Made up of the remains of living things

Renewable resources

A lot of renewewablw resources and they’re materials and substances that earth will naturally refill

Greenhouse gases

Components of earths atmosphere, like CO2 from fossil fuel emissions, that traps heat energy in earths surface

Greenhouse effect

Global warming trend caused by greenhouse gases trapped close to earths surface

Environmental determinism

Idea that physical environment is the main cause of shaping cultures and humanity is just a product of its surroundings

Possiblism

Idea that any physical environment offers potential ways for society to develop

Ecology

Biological science focused on observing complex relationships between living organisms and their physical environments

Environmental perception

Mental images that humans have of nature or places, it can be accurate or inaccurate

Natural hazards

Physical danger present in environment like natural disasters

Region

Geographical unit based upon one or multiple characteristics, functions, or activity patterns united and taking plsde

Cultural ecology

Study of interactions between societies and their environments

Ecosystem

Territory consisting of interactions between human and the environment

Formal region

Region defined by people that have one or more cultural traits in common

Border zone

Region where cultural boundaries overlap and blend into a recognizable builder culture

Functional region

Region defined interventions or activities like political, social, economic (Eurozone, migration)

Nodes

Central points where parts in a functional region are coordinated

Metropolitan area

Has a heavily populated urban core and surrounding areas with less population

Perceptual or vernacular region

Region defined by what its inhabitants generally accept general accept or believe it to be. a specific name is used to name the region

Belt

Geographic term used to describe regions that are identified by some uniform characteristic

Mental map

Personal representation of parts of earths surface

Sense of place

One’s feelings about a place and why they feel that way

Activity space

The place a person goes and what they do daily

Regional identity

Being aware of belonging to a people within a region

Contested boundaries

Boundaries that are decided for religious or culturall or political or purposes

Regional analysis

Used to analyze patterns and processes in a region at local, national, regional and global scales

Census

A professional count or overview of populations and the sex, race, or age of the individuals living there

Geospatial technologies

Supplies and software used to examine and measure earths surface and its features

Fieldwork

Gaining experience and knowledge first hand

Absolute distance

Specific position on earth

Latitude lines

Horizontal lines that encircle earths surface and align or are parallel with the equator, it’s the measurement of distance north and south 0 degrees from the equator to the poles 90 degrees

Longitude lines

Vertical lines on earths surface that are not visible, they make I no visible circles that link the north and South Pole

Prime meridian

Also called the Greenwich Meridian, zero degree longitude line that goes through Greenwich, England

Global Positioning System (GPS)

24 satelittes that go around earth two times every day and send radio signals down to the Earth, this is a map that gives directions on how to get to places

Geographic information system

Software made for obtaining, viewing and displaying data on positions on Earth, good for problem solving and research with geospatial data

Cultural landscape

Forms and structures built by cultural groups of the earth and the meaning and experiences behind them

Remote scanning

Earth being scanned by satellites or high fly aircraft to get information on Earth

Aerial photography

Form of remote sensing that takes high resolution and good quality images

Satellite imagery

Pictures of earths surface taken from orbiting satellites. These pictures show the visible and and non visible parts of the electromagnetic spectrum so people can spot patterns that the naked eye cannot

Interdependence

A global economic system that is created overtime through connections between regions and countries. it’s not equal

Geographic processes

Physical and human works or forces that get together to change the world

Time space compression

distance between places decreasing because of time travel or cost. “The world is shrinking”

Relative location

Position of a place or person connected or compared to another place or person

Space

Areas that humans occupy. There’s no meaning to these areas until humans give it meaning

Place

Space that’s altered by people and who they are as groups