Escie

The study of the Earth's structure, properties, processes, and four and a half billion years of biotic evolution.

Earth Science

The study of the origin, history, and structure of Earth, including the processes that shape it.

Geology

The combined O, A, E, and B horizons of soil.

Solum

Heat from Earth's interior used to heat buildings and generate electricity.

Geothermal Energy

The most common type of hydroelectric power plant.

Dam-based Power Plant

Areas where geothermal energy is best found.

High Thermal Gradients

A potential drawback if extraction rates exceed replenishment rates.

Non-renewable Geothermal Energy

A naturally occurring solid material from which a metal or valuable mineral can be extracted.

Ore

70% of the Earth's surface is covered by water.

Earth's Surface Water Coverage

Crystal settling, Hydrothermal processes, Pegmatization, Precipitation, Placer, Weathering & Groundwater Action.

Ore Formation Order

Primarily used in the manufacture of glass.

Quartz

Used as a retarder in Portland cement.

Gypsum

An important component of metallurgical products (false statement).

Calcite

Responsible mining practices, Conservation, Recycling.

Mineral Exploitation Mitigation

Jamaica is a country where Bauxite is used.

Bauxite Usage

The ore used for automobiles.

Hematite

Used for making coins.

Silver

A natural heat from the interior of the Earth that is converted to heat.

Geothermal Energy Definition

Processes that are formed or occurring beneath the surface of the Earth.

Endogenic Process

Formed by the partial melting of Earth’s lower crust.

Magma Formation

Earth's rotation is faster (not possible).

Melting in the Mantle

A process that leads to changes in mineral contents.

Metamorphism

Contact and Regional.

Types of Metamorphism

A change in rock occurs over a larger area due to heat and pressure.

Regional Metamorphism

Density (not an agent).

Agents of Metamorphism

Stress, Strain, Joints, Faults.

Factors Affecting Rock Change

Slide slip Fault (not a type).

Types of Faults

Occurs when the hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall.

Normal Fault

Occurs when fault blocks move horizontally against each other.

Strike Slip Fault

Occurs when the hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall.

Reverse Fault

Fractures in rocks that show little or no movement.

Joints

The ability of a rock material to handle stress.

Strain

The force that could create deformation in rocks.

Stress

Chemical and Mechanical.

Types of Weathering

Naturally formed solids made up of one or more kinds of minerals.

Rocks Definition

Form when lava cools and becomes solid.

Extrusive Rocks

Form when magma solidifies within the crust.

Intrusive Rocks

The process of transporting weathered material to a new location.

Erosion

Rocks, grains of sand, and silt collide with one another due to currents or waves.

Abrasion

Water accumulates in a crack, freezes, and expands.

Frost Wedging

Rocks expand when heated and contract when cooled.

Rock Expansion

The process that happens after erosion.

Deposition

Igneous, Sedimentary, Metamorphic.

Main Types of Rocks

A naturally occurring, inorganic crystalline solid with a specific chemical composition.

Mineral Definition

Occurs when minerals break in an uneven way.

Fracture

Should be sorted to Silicates.

Feldspar Classification

The mineral is Graphite.

Native Element in Ring

Color.

Least Used Mineral Property

Indicates the presence of Zinc Sulfide.

Rotten Egg Smell

Halite is used to enhance flavor.

Tasty Mineral

The part of the Earth where animals in the park stand.

Lithosphere

A nickname for planet Earth.

The Blue Planet

The protective layer of the Earth that shields us from the sun's radiation.

Ozone Layer

The layer of the atmosphere where the Ozone Layer is located.

Stratosphere

Yes, dead organic matter counts as part of the biosphere.

Biosphere Inclusion

Approximately 13.8 billion years old.

Milky Way Age

The angular momentum of the sun.

Main Concern of SNT

Supernova Explosion.

Trigger for Gas and Dust Condensation

They become a protostar.

Gas and Dust Clouds Collapse

What happens to the second whirl pool in Vortex Theory

Formed planets that rotate in the same direction as they revolve around the sun

What happens to the debris from the collision in the Collision Theory?

It formed planets that rotate in the same direction as they revolve around the sun

What formed the sun and planets according to the Kant Laplace Theory?

The bulges in the collapsing cloud