PATHWAY

terpenoid and shikimic acid

b) Cytosol

The subcellular location where the Mevalonic Acid (MVA) Pathway takes place.

a) Plastid

b) Cytosol

c) Mitochondria

d) Endoplasmic reticulum

b) Plastid

The subcellular location where the Methyl Erythritol Phosphate (MEP) Pathway takes place.

a) Cytosol

b) Plastid

c) Vacuole

d) Golgi apparatus

b) HMG-CoA reductase

In the MVA pathway, 3 molecules of Acetyl-CoA (2C) combine to form HMG-CoA, which is then acted upon by which enzyme to produce mevalonate?

a) HMG-CoA synthetase

b) HMG-CoA reductase

c) DOXP reducto-isomerase

d) Squalene synthase

b) DOXP reducto-isomerase

In the MEP pathway, Pyruvate (3C) transitions into deoxyxylulose PO4 (DOXP), which is then converted to methyl-erythritol PO4 (MEP) by which enzyme?

a) HMG-CoA reductase

b) DOXP reducto-isomerase

c) Isopentenyl transferase

d) Geranyl isomerase

b) Isopentenyl PO4

The 5-carbon (5C) intermediate where both the MVA and MEP pathways converge, which exists in equilibrium with its isomer DMAP (dimethylallyl PO4).

a) Geranyl PO4

b) Isopentenyl PO4

c) Farnesyl PO4

d) Mevalonate

b) Geranyl PO4

The 10-carbon (10C) intermediate formed directly from IPP and DMAP that serves as the immediate precursor to Monoterpenes.

a) Farnesyl PO4

b) Geranyl PO4

c) Geranyl-geranyl PO4

d) Squalene

a) Farnesyl PO4

The 15-carbon (15C) intermediate formed by adding an IPP (+5C) unit to geranyl PO4, which serves as the precursor to Sesquiterpenes.

a) Farnesyl PO4

b) Geranyl PO4

c) Geranyl-geranyl PO4

d) Squalene

c) Lycopene, Vit. A, & beta-carotene

When Geranyl-geranyl PO4 (20C) undergoes dimerization ($\times 2$), it creates Tetraterpenes (40C). Which specific final molecules are produced downstream here?

a) Artemisinin & Taxanes

b) Volatile oils & Steroidals

c) Lycopene, Vit. A, & beta-carotene

d) Phytosterols & Ergosterol

b) Shikimic Acid Pathway

The biosynthetic pathway responsible for producing aromatic plant constituents.

a) Mevalonic Acid Pathway

b) Shikimic Acid Pathway

c) Methyl Erythritol Phosphate Pathway

d) Acetate-Malonate Pathway

b) Phosphoenolpyruvate & Erythrose-4-phosphate

The two initial precursor molecules that combine at the very beginning of the Shikimic Acid Pathway.

a) Pyruvate & Mevalonate

b) Phosphoenolpyruvate & Erythrose-4-phosphate

c) Dehydroquinate & Dehydroshikimate

d) Prephenic acid & Chorismic acid

b) Dehydroquinate (Dehydroquinic acid)

The intermediate compound produced directly downstream from DAHP.

a) Dehydroshikimate (Dehydroshikimic acid)

b) Dehydroquinate (Dehydroquinic acid)

c) Shikimate (Shikimic acid)

d) Chorismic acid

b) Dehydroshikimate (Dehydroshikimic acid)

The intermediate compound that comes right after dehydroquinate and immediately before shikimate.

a) Deoxyarabino heptulosonic acid PO4

b) Dehydroshikimate

c) Chorismic acid

d) Prephenic acid

c) Shikimate (shikimic acid)

The core namesake intermediate compound of this pathway that is phosphorylated into shikimic acid PO4.

a) Chorismic acid

b) Prephenic acid

c) Shikimate

d) Anthranilic acid

b) Chorismic acid

The crucial branch-point intermediate formed directly from shikimic acid PO4 that leads to either anthranilic acid or prephenic acid.

a) Dehydroquinate

b) Chorismic acid

c) Phenyl pyruvate

d) 4-hydroxyphenyl pyruvate

c) Tryptophan

Chorismic acid converts into anthranilic acid, which directly synthesizes to which aromatic amino acid?

a) Phenylalanine

b) Tyrosine

c) Tryptophan

d) Histidine

b) Tyrosine

Chorismic acid converts into prephenic acid, which goes through 4-hydroxyphenyl pyruvate to synthesize the which aromatic amino acid?

a) Phenylalanine

b) Tyrosine

c) Tryptophan

d) Aminobutyric acid