Science Bowl Chemistry - Nomeclature

Fe²⁺

Ferrous

Fe³⁺

Ferric

Sn²⁺

Stannous

Sn⁴⁺

Stannic

Cu⁺

Cuprous

Cu²⁺

Cupric

H₃O⁺

Hydronium

NH₄⁺

Ammonium

F^-

Fluoride

Cl^-

Chloride

Br^-

Bromide

I^-

Iodide

H^-

Hydride

O^2-

Oxide

S^2-

Sulfide

N^3-

Nitride

P^3-

Phosphide

C^4-

Carbide

HCO₃^-

Bicarbonate

CH₃CO₂^-

Acetate

NO₃^-

Nitrate

NO₂^-

Nitrite

MnO₄^-

Permanganate

CN^-

Cyanide

HSO₄^-

Bisulfate

ClO₄^-

Perchlorate

ClO₃^-

Chlorate

ClO₂^-

Chlorite

ClO^-

Hypochlorite

OH^-

Hydroxide

CO₃^2-

Carbonate

SO₄^2-

Sulfate

SO₃^2-

Sulfite

S₂O₃^2-

Thiosulfate

O₂^2-

Peroxide

CrO₄^2-

Chromate

CrO₇^2-

Dichromate

HPO₄^2-

Hydrogen Phosphate

PO₄^3-

Phosphate

BO₃^3-

Borate

AsO₄^3-

Arsenate

HF

Hydrofluoric acid

HCl

Hydrochloric acid

HBr

Hydrobromic Acid

HI

Hydroiodic Acid

H₂S

Hydrosulfuric acid

H₃N

Hydronitric acid

H₃P

Hydrophosphoric acid

HCH₃CO₂

Acetic Acid

H₂CO₃

Carbonic Acid

H₃BO₃

Boric Acid

HNO₃

Nitric Acid

H₂SO₄

Sulfuric Acid

HClO₄

Perchloric Acid

HClO₃

Chloric Acid

H₃PO₃

Phosphoric Acid

HMnO₄

Permanganic Acid

H₂CrO₄

Chromic Acid

H₂S₂O₃

Thiosulfuric Acid

H₂CrO₇

Dichromic Acid

H₃AsO₄

Arsenic Acid

HNO₂

Nitrous Acid

HClO₂

Chlorous Acid

HClO

Hypochlorous Acid

H₂SO₃

Sulfurous Acid

Polyatomic positive ions

have common names ending in “onium”

a lower oxidation state for a negative polyatomic ion

ends in “ite”

a higher oxidation state for a negative polyatomic ion

ends in “ate”

the absolute lowest oxidation state for a negative polyatomic ion

starts with “hypo”

the absolute lowest oxidation state for a negative polyatomic ion

stars with “per”

Acids having ions ending in “ide”

become “hydro…ic” acid

Acids having ions ending in “ate”

become “…ic acid”

acids having ions ending in “ite”

become “…ous acid”

Complex acids indicated by acidic hydrogen

have the “bi” before the ion