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Which of the following is another term for shock?

-Anaphylaxis -Hypoperfusion -Sepsis -Dilation

Hypoperfusion

You notice that a patient's skin color is ashen. This is due to which of the following?

-Decreased blood flow to the vital organs -Abnormal dilation of the blood vessels -Reduced blood flow to the skin -The heart beating to rapidly

Reduced blood flow to the skin

Which type of shock results from a severe lack of blood and fluid within the body?

-Distributive -Hypovolemic -Obstructive -Cardiogenic

Hypovolemic

Which of the following is the least likely to cause shock?

-Abnormal dilation of the blood vessels -Disrupted blood flow to the cells -Loss of fluid from the body -The heart being able to pump oxygenated blood to body tissues

The heart being able to pump oxygenated blood to body tissues

Which of the following should you least expect to find when assessing a patient in the early stages of shock?

Apprehension Slow, irregular breathing Elevated blood pressure Ashen skin

Slow, irregular breathing

You suspect that a patient's status is deteriorating and she is showing signs and symptoms of late stages of shock. Which of the following should you expect to find?

Apprehension Decreasing diastolic blood pressure Rapid breathing Constricted pupils

Decreasing diastolic blood pressure

Which of the following should you not do for a patient experiencing shock?

Administer emergency oxygen, if available. Take stips to minimize blood loss. Cover the patient with a blanket. Give the patient a drink.

Give the patient a drink.

A patient is showing signs and symptoms of shock. Which of the following should you do first?

Talk to the patient in a reassuring manner. Immobilize broken bones. Ensure an open airway. Prevent loss of body heat.

Ensure an open airway.

You are providing care to a patient in the early stages of shock. The patient has a possible injury to his pelvis. Which of the following actions should you perform?

Roll the patient onto his side. Elevate his legs about 12 inches. Keep the patient lying flat. Raise his head about 6 inches.

Keep the patient lying flat.

Which measure would help to minimize shock?

Immersing the feet in warm water Applying cool compresses to the neck and groin. Covering the patient with blanket Removing any excess patient clothing

Covering the patient with blanket

Which of the following describes venous bleeding?

Inability to clot easily Spurting from a wound Bright red in color Steadily flowing

Steadily flowing

Which action is the most important to protect yourself from disease transmission when caring for a patient who is bleeding?

applying a clean dressing. Elevating the wound. Wearing disposable gloves. Minimizing possible shock.

Wearing disposable gloves.

When evaluating a patient's bleeding, you should identify is as capillary in origin if it-

Clots spontaneously. Spurts from the wound. Flows steadily. Is bright red.

Clots spontaneously.

Which of the following is the least appropriate reason for applying a dressing to an open wound?

To absorb any drainage that might be present To control the bleeding from the wound To prevent contamination of the open wound To obscure the wound from the patient's view

To obscure the wound from the patient's view

You are attempting to control external bleeding. Which of the following should you do first?

Apply direct pressure to the wound. Secure the dressing with a roller bandage. Check for circulation beyond the injury. Cover the wound with a dressing.

Cover the wound with a dressing.

You arrive at the scene of an emergency and complete your primary assessment of a patient. You notice what looks like a bone protruding from an open and bleeding wound on the patient's lower leg. Which of the following should you do?

Raise the lower leg above the level of the heart. Apply a tourniquet to the leg to constrict the vessels. Pack the area around the wound with sterile gauze. Apply direct pressure immediately above the open wound.

Pack the area around the wound with sterile gauze

A patient has fallen of a step ladder. During the fall his chest hit the side of the ladder. You suspect that he may be experiencing internal bleeding. Which of the following helps support your suspicions?

Cough with blood Warm flushed skin Slow breathing Slow bounding pulse

Cough with blood

When providing care to a patient who is experiencing serious internal bleeding due to a blow to the pelvis, which action is the initial priority?

Applying direct pressure to the injured area Keeping the patient as active a possible Summoning more advanced medical personnel Elevating the patient's lower extremities about 12 inches

Summoning more advanced medical personnel

Which of the following should you use first in an attempt to stop severe external bleeding?

Direct pressure Elevation Pressure point Immobilization

Direct pressure

You have used direct pressure to an open bleeding wound and have applied sterile dressings and a bandage. You now notice that blood has soaked through the initial dressing and bandage. Which of the following should you do next?

Elevate the area above the level of the heart. Add additional dressings and another bandage and continue applying direct pressure. Replace the soaked dressings and bandage with new ones. Reapply direct pressure over the wet dressing at the site.

Add additional dressings and another bandage and continue applying direct pressure.

An injury to the soft tissue is called a(n)-

Wound

A patient has a cut on his forearm due to broken glass. This type of wound is called a(n)-

Laceration

You are inspecting the burned area of a patient. Which of the following leads you to suspect that a patient has sustained a full-thickness burn?

Presence of hair A painful, reddened area Pearly white color Area turn white when touched

Pearly white color

Which of the following is considered to be a closed wound?

Crush injury Laceration Abrasion Hematoma

Hematoma

You are providing care to a patient with a thermal burn injury. The patient has been removed from the source of the burn. You prepare to act, focusing on which of the following as the priority?

Maintaining body temperature Covering the burned area Minimizing shock Cooling the burned area

Cooling the burned area

A patient has sustained a minor burn injury to the lower leg. Which of the following is appropriate to cover the burn area?

Pressure dressing Antibiotic ointment Oil-based lubricant Dry, sterile dressing

Dry, sterile dressing

Your arrive on the scene of an emergency involving a patient who has sustained an electrical burn due to a malfunctioning toaster oven. Which of the following should you do first?

Make sure the current is secured. Inspect for entry and exit sites. Perform a primary assessment. Care for any life-threatening conditions.

Make sure the current is secured.

A patient has sustained burns when she accidentally spilled a pot of boiling water on her hands. You should classify these burns as which of the following?

Electrical Thermal Chemical Radiation

Thermal

Which of the following characterizes a superficial burn?

Minimal pain Damage involving the dermis and epidermis Open, weeping blisters Healing in about 5 to 6 days

Healing in about 5 to 6 days

When using the Rule of Nines to estimate the percentage of body surface area burned, you should which percent to the left arm?

9 percent

An accumulation of blood between the lungs and the chest wall is called-

Pneumothorax Hemothorax Flail chest Subcutaneous emphysema

Hemothorax

You arrive on the scene of an emergency involving a patient who has sustained a gaping abdominal wound. You observe a mass of tangled tissue protruding through the wound. You identify this condition as-

Evisceration.

A patient has been pinned under a concrete slab at a construction site. As the emergency medical responder (EMR) arriving on the scene, you are alert for which of the following as most serious condition?

Traumatic asphyxia Rib fractures Subcutaneous emphysema Pneumothorax

Traumatic asphyxia

When assessing a patient, you notice a "whooshing" sound every time the patient takes a breath. You should suspect which of the following?

Rib fracture Flail chest Sucking chest wound Pneumothorax

Sucking chest wound

A patient has an open wound with several organs protruding through the wound. Which of the following should you do first?

Remove clothing from around the wound. Apply moist clean dressings loosely over the wound. Summon more advanced medical personnel. Position the patient on his or her back with knees bent.

Summon more advanced medical personnel.

A patient has sustained a chest injury from a gas cylinder explosion. The patient is gasping and her lips are blue. A piece of the cylinder is protruding from the side of her chest. Which action is the most appropriate?

Surround the piece with the patient's clothing. Place bulky dressings around the piece to stabilize it. Move the piece back and forth to check how deeply it is embedded in the chest. Apply an occlusive dressing after immediately removing the piece from the chest.

Place bulky dressings around the piece to stabilize it.

When evaluating the mechanism of injury for a patient who has a closed chest wound, you should suspect which of the following as the most likely?

Punch to the chest Gunshot Rib fracture Stabbing with a knife

Punch to the chest

For the patient with a closed abdominal injury, position the patient-

On the back with knees bent.

Which of the following occurs with a dislocation?

Two bones that normally are together become separated. The ligament at a joint is partially torn. A broken bone protrudes from the skin. The bone is broken or chipped.

Two bones that normally are together become separated.

You are providing care to a patient who has sprained his ankle. You understand that this is an injury to which of the following types of tissues?

Tendon Ligament Muscle Joint

Ligament

A patient with a fractured arm asks you why you are applying ice. Which response is the most appropriate?

"It helps to keep the swelling down." "It keeps the bones together better." "It helps to keep you from moving around." "It increases the amount of internal bleeding."

"It helps to keep the swelling down."

A patient has experienced a musculoskeletal injury and you are to provide care. You should expect to summon more advanced medical personnel if you assess which of the following?

The patient has multiple injuries. The patient has swelling but no bleeding. The patient walks with minimal difficultly. The patient has a fracture of the finger.

The patient has multiple injuries.

Another term for a self-splint is-

Anatomic splint

Which of the following is the least appropriate to use for a rigid splint?

Cardboard box Shin guard Rolled up magazine Folded blanket

Folded blanket

You have splinted a patient's leg. Which statement by the patient is a cause of concern?

"My toes look pink." "My toes feel like they are numb." "I can wiggle my toes." "I can feel you touching my toes."

"My toes feel like they are numb."

A patient has an injury to the elbow. You should check the pulse at which location?

Radial artery Carotid artery Brachial artery Fermoral artery

Radial artery

Using a sling and binder is the least appropriate treatment for injury to the-

Collarbone Elbow Pelvis Shoulde

Pelvis

After applying a splint to a fracture, which of the following is the least important to assess?

Sensation Distal pulses Swelling Movement

Swelling

You suspect that a patient has a head injury after bystanders report that he fell off a ladder from the second story of a home. The patient is breathing. Which of the following is the priority action?

Performing a primary assessment Opening the patient's airway Stabilizing the patient's head and neck Sizing up the scene

Stabilizing the patient's head and neck

You need to stabilize a patient's head and neck. The patient's head is turned sharply to the right. Which of the following should you do?

Apply a cervical collar. Maintain the head in the position found. Ensure the patient's head is facing forward. Place one hand on the side of the patient's head.

Maintain the head in the position found.

Which of the following leads you to suspect that a patient has a concussion?

Equal pupil size Inability to recall what happened Rigid limbs Clear fluid oozing from the ears

Inability to recall what happened

You are applying a rigid device to limit movement of a patient's head and neck. You are applying which of the following?

Cervical collar Spinal motion restriction In-line stabilization Manual stabilization

Cervical collar

Which of the following is appropriate when providing care to a patient who has a foreign body in his eye?

Flush the eye gently with water. Use your gloved finger to touch the eyeball. Encourage the patient to rub his eye vigorously. Advise the patient not to blink.

Flush the eye gently with water.

You suspect that a patient has a head and neck injury. The patient is lying on his back, and you determine that you need to perform manual stabilization. Which of the following should you do first?

Maintain the patient's airway. Place your hands on both sides of the patient's head. Apply a cervical collar (C-collar). Position the head in line with the body.

Place your hands on both sides of the patient's head.

You are least likely to suspect a serious head, neck or spinal injury in which of the following patients?

A patient who slipped on a wet bathroom floor. A patient who was thrown from a vehicle during a collision. A patient who dove into a 4-foot deep swimming pool. A patient who is complaining of tingling in his hands after falling down a flight of steps.

A patient who slipped on a wet bathroom floor.