Exam 1

Marx

  When people recognize the structural sources of their oppression they

a. are referred to as a class-for-itself

b. are referred to as a class-in-itself

c. are in false consciousness

d. clearly misunderstand the class division in society

e. they are increasingly alienated

a. are referred to as a class-for-itself

 According to the reading *Bourgeois and Proletarians* by Marx, which of the following is the truly revolutionary class?

a. workers

b. small manufacturers

c. peasants

d. artisans

e. the lower middle class

a. workers

According to the reading *Bourgeois and Proletarians* by Marx, factory workers are organized like what group?

a. ants

b. soldiers

c. criminals

d. machines

e. cattle

b. soldiers

According to the reading *Bourgeois and Proletarians* by Marx, as the proletariat struggles against the capitalist class by forming unions, what is the greatest benefit from this conflict?

a. increasing wages

b. the ever-expanding unification of the proletariat

c. the commodification of the bourgeoisie 

d. the widespread rejection of organized religion

e. expanding access to private property

b. the ever-expanding unification of the proletariat

In the reading *Bourgeois and Proletarians* which of the following words did Marx use to describe the exploitation faced by workers in modern capitalism

a. shameless

b. blunt

c. nationalistic

d. indirect

e. covert

a. shameless

According to the reading *Bourgeois and Proletarians* by Marx, what is the main driving force behind all human history?

a. commodification

b. trade routes and weather patterns

c. species being

d. racial struggle

e. class conflict

e. class conflict

According to the reading *Bourgeois and Proletarians* by Marx, what did capitalists replace the feudalistic ties that emphasized a sense of natural superiority with?

a. alienated labor

b. objectification

c. self-interest and cash payment

d. the blasé attitude

e. organic solidarity

c. self-interest and cash payment

According to the reading *Bourgeois and Proletarians* by Marx, the victory of the proletariat

a. requires the assistance of the lumpenproletariat

b. will harken the return of primitive communism

c. is made more difficult due to the existence of a stable middle-class

d. is inconceivable 

e. none of the above

d. is inconceivable 

 According to the reading *Bourgeois and Proletarians* by Marx, as the proletariat works to move beyond capitalism, what is the main concept they aim to destroy?

a. alienation

b. capitalist ideology

c. private property

d. wage inequality

e. forced labor

a. alienation

 According to the reading *Bourgeois and Proletarians* by Marx, who are the wielders of the weapons that will ultimately destroy the capitalist class? 

a. the bourgeoisie 

b. the feudal lords

c. the working class

d. the lumpenproletariat 

e. the highly educated professional class 

\

c. the working class

According to the reading *Bourgeois and Proletarians* by Marx, what is the weapon used by the bourgeois to force all nations to adopt the capitalistic mode of production?

a. ideology

b. the money economy

c. inexpensive commodities

d. false consciousness

e. all of the above

a. ideology

Marx has been criticized for 

a. ignoring the structural aspects of stratification

b. lacking a sense of praxis

c. focusing too much on economics

d. being conservative

e. promoting an unrealistic utopia

c. focusing too much on economics

Praxis

a. is life activity which makes one feel more fully human

b. involves the fusion of matter and ideas

c. is the opposite as alienated labor

d. is a "labor of love"

e. all of the above

b. involves the fusion of matter and ideas

According to Marx, in capitalist societies

a. production is primarily competitive

b. people are taught to limit their wants

c. there is equality in terms of economic resources

d. people are seen by each other mainly in terms of intrinsically valuable relationships

e. people are normally very active in the political process

a. production is primarily competitive

Alienated labor

a. involves the unification of mental and physical labor

b. eliminates individualistic thoughts

c. promotes the species being viewpoint

d. is disproprotionately done by the proletariat 

e. is only found in capitalist societies

b. eliminates individualistic thoughts

  Communism, according to Marx, involves which of the following characteristics?

a. it is driven by moral, rather than technical, decision making

b. the proliferation of private property

c. it promotes antagonism between man and nature

d. it separates economics and morals

e. it would represent the end of human history

a. it is driven by moral, rather than technical, decision making

According to Marx, which of the following is linked to the development of revolutionary potential of the working class?

a. the heterogeneity of the working class 

b. the appearance of classes which complicate the dichotomous class structure (i.e. the petty bourgeoisie)

c. the presence of false consciousness

d. the elimination of economic disparities between capitalists and wage earners

e. the development of class consciousness among the working class

e. the development of class consciousness among the working class

All of the following statements about Marx’s view of religion are false EXCEPT:


1. religion delegitimizes the statues quo and focuses people’s attention from social oppression
2. religion is liberating 
3. religion cements a society’s collective consciousness 
4. religion is the expression of real suffering and a protest of real suffering
5. religion reflects the economic interests of subordinate groups 

4. religion is the expression of real suffering and a protest of real suffering

Marx believed that historical change is driven by:


1. class conflict
2. the protestant ethic
3. conspiracy 
4. the bourgeoisie
5. structural strain

1. class conflict

What aspect of society does Karl Marx focus on?


1. the idea that all parts of a society contribute to its stability all the time
2. the roles that each aspect of society fulfills
3. the meanings that people attach to their behavior
4. the sharing of “goods” of a society between different groups
5. economic struggle between various groups

1. economic struggle between various groups

In his stages of human history Marx suggests that there was a significant difference between the first stage and all the others. What was different about this first stage?


1. we all carried clubs
2. individual needs were most important  
3. people were sexually rampant 
4. there were no classes
5. there was increased ownership of private property

1. there were no classes

According to the reading *Bourgeois and Proletarians* by Marx, what is the result of increasingly developed modern industry as related to gender equality at work?

a. men become increasingly valued relative to women

b. women and men become increasingly similar in terms of their exploitation 

c. all workers become valued more regardless of their gender

d. the workplace distinctions between men and women are enhanced

e. women become increasingly powerful relative to men in absolute terms

c. all workers become valued more regardless of their gender