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Insect
Member of Phylum Arthropoda, Class Insecta, characterized by 3 body regions, 6 legs, antennae, and usually wings.
Biodiversity
The variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem.
Evolution
Gradual change in species over generations through selection.
Monophyletic group
A group that includes a common ancestor and all its descendants.
Polyphyletic group
A group that includes organisms from different ancestral lines.
Binomial nomenclature
A two-part scientific name system for organisms (Genus + species).
Tagmata
The distinct body regions of insects: head, thorax, and abdomen.
Exoskeleton
A hard outer structure made of chitin providing protection and support.
Compound eye
An eye composed of many ommatidia, capable of detecting motion.
Ocelli
Simple light-detecting eyes found in some insects.
Open circulatory system
A system where hemolymph flows freely around the organs.
Tracheal system
A system of tubes for gas exchange in insects.
Spermatophore
A packet of sperm transferred during mating.
Parthenogenesis
A form of asexual reproduction without males.
Ecdysone
A hormone that triggers the process of molting in insects.
Metamorphosis
The process of transformation from larva to adult in insects.
Ametabolous
A type of development with no metamorphosis; the young resemble adults.
Hemimetabolous
Incomplete metamorphosis where the juvenile form (nymph) gradually develops into an adult.
Holometabolous
Complete metamorphosis involving distinct larva, pupa, and adult stages.
Chemoreception
The ability to detect chemicals via smell and taste, usually through antennae.
Mechanoreception
Sense of touch, vibration, and position, detected by various body parts.
Tympanal organs
Specialized structures that detect sound in some insects.
Reflexive bleeding
The exuding of toxic or repellent fluid when an insect is threatened.
Territorial behavior
Behavior associated with defending a space against rivals.
Sociality
The living in colonies or groups, as seen in species like ants and bees.
Cultural relevance of insects as food
Insects provide high protein content and are considered environmentally sustainable.
Separate roles of male accessories glands
Male glands add fluids to sperm, and female glands secrete protective egg layers.
Proventriculus
A part of the foregut that grinds food.
Malpighian tubules
Excretory organs in insects that remove nitrogen waste.
Diapause
A dormant state that allows insects to survive unfavorable conditions.
Exuviae
The shed exoskeleton after molting.
Instar
A growth stage between molts in an insect's lifecycle.
Stadium
The duration of a particular instar stage.
Body segmentation in arthropods
Characteristic of segmented body structure in organisms like insects.
Cephalothorax
A fused head and thorax structure found in some arthropods.
Ommatidia
Individual photoreceptive units that make up a compound eye.
Fat body
An organ in insects that stores energy and aids in metabolism.