Studied by 0 people
Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.
Atom
Basic unit of matter with protons and electrons.
Nucleus
Core of an atom containing protons and neutrons.
Electron Cloud
Region around nucleus containing electrons.
Mass Number
Total of protons and neutrons in an atom.
Atomic Number
Number of protons in an atom.
Valence Electrons
Electrons in outermost shell influencing bonding.
Orbitals
Sub-rows in electron configuration holding electrons.
Covalent Bond
Chemical bond formed by shared electron pairs.
Hydrogen Bond
Weak bond between polar molecules involving hydrogen.
Polarity
Distribution of electrical charge across a molecule.
Nonpolar Molecule
Electrons shared equally between atoms.
Polar Molecule
Unequal sharing of electrons creates partial charges.
Electronegativity
Atom's ability to attract electrons in a bond.
Hydrophilic
Substances that dissolve easily in water.
Hydrophobic
Substances that do not dissolve in water.
Hydrophobic Interaction
Nonpolar molecules aggregate to minimize water disruption.
Van der Waals Force
Weak attraction between nonpolar molecules due to dipoles.
Ionic Bond
Electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.
Cation
Positively charged ion formed by electron loss.
Anion
Negatively charged ion formed by electron gain.
Mole
Unit measuring amount of substance in chemistry.
Molarity
Concentration of a solution in moles per liter.
Acid
Substance that releases H+ ions in solution.
Weak Acid
Partially dissociates in solution, important in biology.
Base
Substance that accepts H+ ions in solution.
Weak Base
Partially accepts protons, important in biology.
Titration Curve
Graph showing pH change as titrant is added.
Conjugate Base
Formed from an acid after losing a proton.
Equivalence Point
Point in titration where acid is fully converted.
Buffer
Resists pH changes by neutralizing added acids or bases.
Functional Groups
Specific groups of atoms that determine molecular properties.
