Unit 3 Relational Database Management Systems (Basic) - Vocabulary Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards covering core database concepts, terms, and OO Base concepts from the notes.

Database

An organized collection of data stored and managed to support information retrieval and storage.

DBMS

Software that controls the creation, maintenance, and use of a database.

RDBMS

A DBMS based on the relational model, storing data in related tables.

Flat File

Data stored in a single table/file, usually for small amounts of data.

Relational

Data stored in multiple tables linked by common fields.

Table

A set of data elements organized in vertical columns and horizontal rows.

Column (Field)

A data attribute; a set of values of a particular type, one per row.

Row (Record/Tuple)

A single data item; a record, one per row of the table.

Primary Key

A unique value that identifies a row in a table.

Composite Primary Key

Primary key constraint applied to two or more columns.

Foreign Key

A column or set that refers to the primary key in another table to establish a relationship.

Data Type

Classification of data values stored in a field (numeric, text, date, etc.).

Numeric Types

Data types for numbers (e.g., TinyInt, SmallInt, Integer, BigInt, Decimal, Real, Float, Double, Boolean).

Alphanumeric Types

Data types for text that may include letters and numbers (Char, Varchar, LongVarchar).

Binary Types

Data types for binary data such as images or files (Binary, Varbinary, Longvarbinary).

Date Time

Data types for dates and times (Date, Time, Timestamp).

Data Redundancy

Duplication of data that databases aim to minimize.

Data Integrity

Accuracy and consistency of data within the database.

Data Security

Protection ensuring only authorized access to data (authentication).

Privacy

Access restrictions based on privacy constraints.

Backup and Recovery

Automatic backup and restoration of data by the DBMS.

One-to-One Relationship

A relationship where related records correspond one-to-one; typically both tables have primary keys.

One-to-Many Relationship

One record in the primary table relates to many records in the related table.

Many-to-Many Relationship

Related records in both tables; usually implemented with a junction table.

Sorting

Arranging data in ascending or descending order (ORDER BY).

Referential Integrity

Keeps links between related tables accurate and consistent via PK/FK constraints.

Relationship

An association between two or more tables.

OpenOffice Base

Open-source database management tool for creating and managing OpenOffice databases.

Wizard

A guided assistant in OO Base to create objects like tables, forms, or reports.

Design View

View to define table structure, fields, data types, keys, and properties.

Datasheet View

View to enter/edit data in a table; resembles a spreadsheet.

Field Properties

Settings that control a field’s behavior (AutoValue, Length, Default Value, Format, Entry Required).

AutoValue

Auto-increment numeric field value.

Default Value

A value automatically used if no value is provided.

Length

Maximum number of characters for a field.

Format

Display/validation format of data in a field.

Entry Required

Whether a field must be filled (Yes/No).

DQL

Note: In these notes, DDL stands for Data Definition Language.

DDL

Data Definition Language; commands that define/modify database structures (Create, Alter, Drop).

DML

Data Manipulation Language; commands that manipulate data (Insert, Update, Delete, Select).

SQL

Structured Query Language; standard language for querying and manipulating relational databases.

SELECT

Retrieves data from one or more tables.

INSERT

Adds new records to a table.

UPDATE

Modifies existing records in a table.

DELETE

Removes records from a table.

CREATE

Creates a database object (database or table).

ALTER

Modifies the structure of an existing table.

DROP

Deletes a database object.

Query

A request to retrieve data from a table or join tables.

Form

A user interface to view, enter, and modify data in database objects.

Report

A formatted, summarized display of data for printing or presentation.

.odb

File extension for OpenOffice Base database files.

Where Clause

Filters rows in a SELECT query based on a condition.

Order By Clause

Sorts query results in ascending or descending order.

Relational Model

Data organized into related tables that can be linked by keys.

Oracle/IBM DB2/MS SQL Server/MySQL/OpenOffice Base

Examples of DBMS/RDBMS software mentioned in the notes.

Default Data Type in Design View

In OO Base, the default data type when creating a field in design view is Varchar.

Primary Key Constraint

Ensures the primary key column has unique values.

Foreign Key Constraint

Enforces link from a field to the primary key of another table.

Char vs Varchar

Char is fixed-length; Varchar is variable-length.

Date/Time Data Types

Data types used to store dates and times (Date, Time, Timestamp).