bio ch. 2 sec 3 water vocab

polar

A molecule with uneven distribution of charges—one side is slightly positive, the other side is slightly negative.

hydrogen bond

a type of bond between a partially positive hydrogen atom and a partially negative atom

cohesion

Water molecules sticking to each other.

adhesion

Water molecules sticking to other surfaces.

capillarity

The ability of water to move up thin tubes or spaces, like in plants.

solution

A mixture where one substance is dissolved in another.

solute

The substance that gets dissolved in a solution.

solvent

The substance that does the dissolving in a solution.

concentration

the amount of a solute in a solvent or solution

saturated solution

A solution that has dissolved all the solute it can

aqueous solution

a solution that is based on warer or a water based solution

hydroxide ion (OH⁻)

an ion from water that makes things more basic

hydronium ion (H₃O⁺)

an ion from water that makes things more acidic

acidic

A solution with more hydronium ions than hydroxide ions; tastes sour.

basic

A solution with more hydroxide ions than hydronium ions; tastes bitter and feels slippery.

pH scale

A scale from 0 to 14 that measures how acidic or basic a solution is.

buffer

A chemical that helps keep pH stable by neutralizing acids or bases.