SDRB- stimulants and alcohol

how long does it take cocaine to reach peak in the blood?

30-60 minutes

what is the biological half life of cocaine?

30-90 minutes

what synpases does cocaine use?

mono-aminergic synapses

what are the 3 monoamines involved with cocaine?

serotonin, dopmaine, noradrenaline

what does cocaine block?

reuptake channels

what causes the ‘crash’ into depression a few hours after taking cocaine?

the depletion of monoamines caused by the lack of reuptake

what are the 3 long term effects of cocaine abuse?

destruction of the nasal septum, schizophrenia like symptoms, sexual dysfunction

why is cocaine so a psychologically ddictive?

it directly effects the dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens

what other drug works in a similar way to cocaine?

amphetamines

when does caffeine concentration peak?

40 minutes

what is the biological half life of coffee?

3.5-5 hours

what is the lethal dose of caffeine?

10g

how does caffeine work?

blocks adenosine receptors

what is adenosine involved in?

inducing sleep and vasodilation

what does caffeines blockage of adenosine receptors trigger?

adrenaline release from adrenal medulla

what is the biological half life of nicotine?

2 hours in a chronic smoker

what receptor does nicotine bind to?

nicotinic acetylcholine receptors

what are nicotinic acetycholine recepts involved in

the stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system

what does nicotine increase the release of in the nucleus accumbens, that makes it addictive?

dopamine

what time does alcohol reach max blood concentration?

30-90 minutes

what is alcohol eliminated by?

the liver

what is alcohol an agonist to?

GABA-A receptors

what does the agonist efect of alcohol on GABA-A receptors do?

increases inhibitory processesw

what is alcohol an antagonist of?

NMDA receptors

what does the antagonist effect of alcohol on NMDA receptors do?

suppresses excitatory processes

what is the term for the long term effects of alcohol on the liver?

cirrhosis

what does hippocampal damage caused by alcohol cause?

korsakoff syndrome

what is the fatal long term effect of alcohol?

delirium tremens