Psych Exam 4 Textbok Terms

androgens

male hormones

cohabitation

couples living together without being married

companionate love

the strong affection for those with whom our lives are deeply involved

corpus callosum

the bundle of nerves that connects the hemispheres of the brain

decision/commitment component

the third aspect of love, which embodies both the initial cognition that one loves another person and the longer term determination to maintain that love

double standard

the standard in which premarital sex is considered permissible for males but not for females

emerging adulthood

the period beginning in the late teenage years and extending into the mid-20s

gender

sense of being male or female

gender constancy

belief that people are permanently males or females, depending on fixed, unchangeable biological factors

gender identity

the perception of oneself as male or female

gender schema

a cognitive framework that organizes information relevant to gender

homogamy

tendency to marry someone who is similar in age, race, education, religion, and other basic demographic characteristics

intimacy component

the component of love that encompasses feelings of closeness, affection, and connectedness

intimacy vs isolation stage

period of post adolescence into the early 30s that focuses and developing close relationships with others

labeling theory or passionate love

theory that individuals experience romantic love when two events occur together: intense physiological arousal and situational cues suggesting that the arousal is due to love

marriage gradient

the tendency for men to marry women who are slightly younger, smaller, and lower in status, and women to marry men who are slightly older, larger and higher in status

masturbation

sexual self stimulation

passionate love

or romantic; a state of powerful absorption in someone

passion component

the component of love that comprises the motivational drives relating to sex, physical closeness, and romance

permissiveness with affection

standard in which premarital intercourse is viewed as permissible for both men and women if it occurs in the context of long term, committed, or loving relationship

sex

typically refers to sexual anatomy and sexual behavior

bereavement

acknowledgment of the objective fact that one has experienced a death

brain death

diagnosis of death based on the cessation of all signs of brain activity, as measured by electrical brain waves

euthanasia

the practice of assisting people who are terminally ill to die more quickly

functional death

absence of a heartbeat and breathing

grief

the emotional response to one’s loss

home care

an alternative to hospitalization in which dying people stay in their homes and receive treatment from this families and visiting medical staff

hospice care

care provided for the dying in places devoted to those who are terminally ill

living will

a legal document designating what medical treatments people want or do not want if they cannot express their wishes

sudden infant death syndrome

SID; the unexplained death of a seemingly healthy baby

thanatologists

people who study death and dying

denial

resisting the idea that they are going to die

anger

lashing out at others; furious at God; why are they dying and not someone elsebargain

bargaining

dying people trying to negotiate their way out of death depress

acceptance

fully aware that death is impending

congenital adrenal hyperplasia

high level of androgens prenatally

biological female with external genitalia

Androgen Insensitivity

impaired receptors; feminine toy choice, play behavior, seek girl playmates

Kohlberg

gender identity, gender stability, gender constancy, gender behavior

Gottomon 5:1 Ratio

Contempt, Criticism, Defensiveness, Stonewall

contempt

treating the partner with disrespect; thinking the other as lesser, partner feels despised and worthless

Criticism

attack the character of the partner at the core; different from complaint

Defensiveness

self-protection and retaliation to ward off a perceived attack; shift in focus away from the problem onto the partners flaws

Stonewall

withdrawing from the interaction shutting down or checking out; habitually avoiding conflict, turning away, acting busy

car accidents

leading cause of death in infants

unintentional injury and motor vehicle accidents

leading cause of death in adolescents and young adults

heart attack or stroke

leading cause of death in middle adulthood

cancer, stroke, and heart disease

leading cause of death in late adulthood

criticisms of Kubler Ross

Limited to those who know they are dying

Applies less to people with uncertainty in their diagnosis

Some experience stages multiple times

Don’t try to get people to work through the stages

Advanced directives

legal document that outlines what kind of medical care you want/don’t want if you can’t tell medical staff yourself

Do not resuscitate

a doctor’s order per patients wishes that no CPR if heart stops or it you stop breathing; can be separate from AD. It does not apply to anything else, does not mean not to treat

Living Will

one type of AD that describes treatments you want or do not want if you are terminally ill or permanently unconscious

Durable power of attorney

another kind of AD that identifies who can make decisions for you under certain circumstances. Not recognized as legal in some states. Proxy needs to be aware.

difficulties with advanced directives

difficulty determining how long someone has to live

How do you know if someone can or can’t make their own decision

what if they are pregnant

ventilation

if, and for how long, a machine takes over your breathing

tube feeding

if and for how long, you get stomachs or IV feeding tube

palliative care

comfort care; comfort and manger pain; provided at point of diagnosis of serious illness

Organ donation

donate your organs, tissues, etc. for patients/ research

Dialysis

if and for how long a machine removes wastes