Geopolitics Flashcards

Flashcards about Geopolitics, focusing on key vocabulary and definitions from the lecture notes.

UN Partition Plan of 1947

Plan approved by the UN in 1947 to divide Palestine into a Jewish state, an Arab state, and an international zone around Jerusalem.

State of Israel

Declared in 1948 by David Ben Gurion, leading to the first Arab-Israeli war.

First Arab-Israeli War

War from 1948-1949 resulting in approximately 700,000 Palestinian refugees.

Abdel Nasser

Egyptian leader who overthrew the monarchy in 1952 and nationalized the Suez Canal.

Suez Crisis/Sinai War

Began after Nasser nationalized the Suez Canal, leading to intervention by the UK, France, and Israel.

Al Fatah

Palestinian organization founded in 1959, led by Yasser Arafat.

Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)

Established in 1964 by the Arab League to liberate Palestine.

Six-Day War

Brief conflict in 1967 resulting in a decisive Israeli victory and occupation of new territories.

Yom Kippur War

Surprise attack by Egypt and Syria on Israel in 1973 during Yom Kippur.

Camp David Accords

Agreements in 1978 between Egypt, Israel, and the United States that led to a peace treaty between Egypt and Israel.

Hamas

Radical Islamic movement and terrorist organization opposed to Israel.

Oil Crisis of 1973

Economic crisis triggered by Arab oil-producing countries limiting exports due to the Yom Kippur War, causing a sharp increase in oil prices.

Financial Crisis of 2007-2008

Began in 2007 in the United States, triggered by the liberalization of capital movements and the expansion of subprime mortgages.

Yugoslavia

A federation of six republics with diverse ethnic and religious groups that dissolved in the 1990s.

Yugoslav Wars

Conflicts that arose following the breakup of Yugoslavia, characterized by ethnic cleansing and war crimes.

War in Bosnia

Conflict in Bosnia-Herzegovina between 1992 and 1995, marked by ethnic cleansing and genocide.

Dayton Accords

Agreements signed in 1995 that recognized Bosnia as an independent state divided into two political entities.

War in Kosovo

Conflict in Kosovo between 1998 and 1999, involving the Kosovo Liberation Army and Serbian forces, leading to NATO intervention.

9/11 Attacks

Terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, carried out by Al-Qaeda, targeting the World Trade Center and the Pentagon.

Osama Bin Laden

Leader of Al-Qaeda, who claimed responsibility for the 9/11 attacks.

Iran-Iraq War

War between Iraq and Iran from 1980 to 1988, driven by territorial disputes and religious and political rivalries.

Saddam Hussein

Dictator of Iraq who initiated the invasion of Kuwait in 1990, leading to the First Gulf War.

Operation Desert Storm

Military operation led by the United States in 1991 to liberate Kuwait from Iraqi occupation.

War in Afghanistan

Military campaign led by the United States in 2001 to overthrow the Taliban regime in Afghanistan.

Invasion of Iraq (2003)

Conflict in 2003 in which US and allied forces invaded Iraq, leading to the overthrow of Saddam Hussein.

Arab Spring

Pro-democracy movements that spread across the Arab world starting in 2010.

Syrian Civil War

Civil war in Syria that began in 2011, involving multiple factions and leading to a major humanitarian crisis.