Aristotle Nicomachean Ethics

he believed happiness is the ultimate goal in life. It's not just about pleasure, but living a life of virtue being honest, kind, and making good choices. He said true happiness comes from using our reason and finding balance in life, avoiding extremes.

Aristotle

What is the purpose of humans, and how does it help them reach their goal according to aristotle?

to live with reason and virtue. they can achieve happiness

how is virtue achieved?

education, time, and habitual practice

how is virtue destroyed?

excess and deficiency

the idea that virtue lies between two extremes excess and deficiency. Aristotle believed that living a virtuous life means finding the middle ground in all aspects of life, avoiding extremes, and acting in a balanced, moderate way.

the golden mean

what are the virtues of character?

generosity, temperance, courage

what are the virtues of thought?

wisdom, comprehension

how is virtue of character achieved?

habitual practice

how is virtue of thought achieved?

education and time

the quality of having good character and habits, like courage, honesty, and generosity. It's about personal excellence and moral behavior.

virtue

about fairness and giving others what they deserve. It's focused on relationships and how people interact with each other, ensuring everyone is treated equal.

justice

A forced action is one in which the agent doesn’t participate (has an external cause)

involuntary actions

suggests that virtues and vices exist on a spectrum. Virtue is the balanced, middle point between two extremes: excess and deficiency. Virtue lies in finding the right balance, while vice represents the extremes on either side of the continuum.

Aristotle's Continuum Theory of virtue and vice

begins with this. a feeling or want for something

desire

desire prompts this, where we consider the possibility of achieving it

thought

we weigh the options and consequences of our actions

deliberation

made when we decide on a course of action based on our desires and reasoning

choice

What school did Aristotle start?

The Lyceum

Living well or human happiness

eudaimonia

How do people reach eudaimonia?

by living a life of virtue

How do we become virtuous?

By practicing good actions over time

Why are friendships important?

They help us live a good and happy life

A boy starts a movement to help others by doing good deeds and asking them to “pay it forward.”

pay it forward movie

How does Trevor show Aristotle’s ethics?

He practices kindness and courage to help others

How does Eugene change?

He learns to act with courage and love, becoming more virtuous

How does Arlene grow?

She works to improve her habits and be a better mom

How does Jerry show virtue?

He pays kindness forward, spreading good through action

It's about being a good person by developing good habits and character.

Aristotle’s Virtue Ethics

How do we become virtuous?

By practicing good actions

Good qualities of the mind that help us know the truth.

intellectual virtues

How many intellectual virtues does Aristotle mention?

five

What are the five intellectual virtues?

art, scientific knowledge, prudence, intellect, theoretical wisdom

Which virtue helps with everyday decision-making?

practical wisdom

Which virtue is used by scientists and experts?

scientific knowledge

How does Aristotle divide the soul?

Rational and Non-rational

It uses reason to guide actions and find truth

rational

It has desires and emotions, but can follow reason with practice

non rational

Which part of the soul is involved in virtue?

both

involve controlling the non-rational part

moral virtues

come from the rational part

intellectual virtues

What are the three types of friendship?

Friendship of Utility, Friendship of Pleasure, Friendship of Virtue

A friendship where both people benefit

friendship of utility

A friendship based on having fun together

friendship of pleasure

A deep friendship based on trust, respect, and helping each other grow.

friendship of virtue