Learn: Psychoanalytic Therapy (Chapter 4)

Id

The demanding child ruled by the pleasure principle.

Ego

The traffic cop ruled by the reality principle.

Superego

The judge ruled by the moral principle.

Unconscious Mind

Stores all experiences, memories, and repressed material; the root of all neurotic symptoms.

Ego Defense Mechanisms

Unconscious behaviors that deny or distort reality to help the individual cope with anxiety.

Freud's Psychosexual Stages

Oral (1st year), Anal (1-3), Phallic (3-6), Latency (6-12), and Genital (12+).

Goal of Psychoanalytic Therapy

To make the unconscious conscious and strengthen the ego so behavior is based on reality.

Transference

The client's unconscious shifting of feelings from past caregivers to the analyst.

Countertransference

Occurs when therapists lose their objectivity because their own personal conflicts are triggered.

Free Association

A technique where clients are encouraged to say whatever comes to mind.

Dream Analysis

Using the 'royal road to the unconscious' to bring unconscious material to light.

Jungian Shadow

The dark side of the personality that must be accepted to achieve psychological integration.

Limitations of Psychoanalytic Therapy

Cost-prohibitive, lengthy, based on upper/middle-class values, and lacks focus on social/cultural factors.

Sublimation

A defense mechanism that channels unacceptable impulses into socially acceptable activities.

Repression

Unconscious removal of distressing thoughts or feelings

Reaction Formation

A defense mechanism of expressing the exact opposite of one's actual feelings or impulses.

Displacement

A defense mechanism that redirects an emotional impulse from a threatening target to a safe one.

Denial

Refusal to accept or recognize a painful situation

Projection

Attributing our own acceptable impulses to others

Rationalization

creating seemingly logical explanations to justify behavior and reduce guilt

Regression

Reverting to immature behaviors when stressed

Introjection

Incorporating others beliefs, values and standards into our own

Identifcation

Modeling oneself after valued people to enhance feelings of self worth

Compensation

emphasizg strengths to mask weakness

Interpretation

Analyst points out, explains, and teaches meaning of behavior

Analysis and Interpretation of resistance

Works against progress of therapy and prevents client from producing previous unconscious material

Analysis and interpretation of transference

Therapist points out , explains, and teaches the meanings of whatever is revealed

Maintaining an analytic framework

Using a range of procedural and stylistic factors ( anonymity and consistency)