SPA 4870C - Final Exam

The most common cause of aphasia is _______________.

stroke

An individual who sustained a TBI in a motor vehicle accident when they were 12 years old and has impaired communication function has a/an ____________ disorder.

acquired

Another term for an open head injury is _____________.

penetrating head injury

Please identify the type of aphasia with the greatest severity of language impairment.

Global aphasia

What information is important to include when compiling a patient history for completion of a communication assessment?

handedness, baseline literacy level, baseline hearing function, living situation

Which deficits can be seen in right-handed patients with a stroke in the right hemisphere of the brain?

impaired orientation, visual scanning deficits, flat affect

True or False: All brain tumors are malignant

False

True or False: The risk of developing dementia increases with age

True

True or False: Broca's aphasia typically occurs due to a stroke in the left parietal lobe

False

True or False: The central nervous system is made up of the brain and the spinal cord

True

Identify the speech characteristics that can be seen in stuttering from the choices provided.

repetition of syllables, repetitions of sounds, prolongations of sounds

Motor speech disorders

apraxia and dysarthria

Identify the systems that can be disrupted in dysarthria of speech

phonation, respiration, articulation, resonance

______________ dysarthria typically results from bilateral upper motor neuron disease

Spastic

_____________ dysarthria is typically seen in Parkinson's Disease

Hypokinetic

True or False: The term dysphagia refers to a motor speech disorder

False

True or False: A patient has undergone a total laryngectomy is likely to experience impaired articulation

False

True or False: Patients with apraxia of speech typically have significant muscle weakness of the lips and the tongue

False

True or False: Symptoms of an acquired stuttering disorder typically begin in early childhood

False

Otitis media impacts which part of the ear

middle ear

Why is early identification of hearing loss important?

to minimize the negative effects of hearing impairment on language learning

Which of the following are high risk factors for hearing loss in children?

defects of the ear, nose or throat, maternal rubella, fetal infections, history of hereditary deafness

The human range of normal hearing is:

40-60 dB SPL

Which disorders can cause conductive hearing loss?

otosclerosis, cerumen impaction

_____________% of hearing disorders result from genetic disorders

20%

A decibel is:

a logarithm that cannot be added or multiplied, a measure of sound power, a ratio that requires a reference value

True or False: Ototoxic medications, noise exposure and viral infections can cause conductive hearing loss

False

True or False: Speech Reception Threshold (SRT) is the softest intensity level in dB at which speech can be heard 100% of the time

False

True or False: A central auditory processing disorder results from a reduction of hearing acuity due to middle and/or inner ear dysfunction

False

True or False: Tympanometry measures the functions of the cochlea

False

True or False: The main types of hearing loss include conductive, sensorineural and mixed

True

True or False: The terms rehabilitation and habilitation are synonyms and can be used interchangeably

False

True or False: When working in the area of Auditory Rehabilitation, the SLP must always focus on the use of ASL with family and clients

False

True or False: Work in the area of auditory rehabilitation frequently involves collaboration with a multidisciplinary team that may include audiologists, teachers, SLPs, and psychologists

True

True or False: SLP who work in the area of auditory rehabilitation typically only serve clients in the hospital setting

False

True or False: Currently there are over 2,000 SLP in the state of FL who have received certification in Listening and Spoken Language from the AG Bell Academy

False

True or False: Based on the information provided by ASHA, aural rehabilitation services can be provided by both SLPs and audiologists

True

True or False: Based on the information provided by ASHA, an IEP does not include audiology services

False

True or False: The UCF Listening Center serves both children and adult clients

True

An individual with a language ____________ demonstrates communication behaviors that meet the norms of their primary community, but do not meet the norms of Standard English.

difference

By the age of __________________ a child has many foundations of culture internalized

5 years

_______________ language acquisition is described as two languages that are being acquired at the same time in a child who is 3 years old or younger.

Simulatenous

Prior to completion of a bilingual language assessment the clinician should:

determine whether or not an interpreter is needed, recognize how the clinician's life experiences may influence their own attitude toward their client, be aware of phonological and linguistic differences

True or False: Every language/culture has the same options available to convey concepts

False

True or False: ASHA does not provide a statement regarding the requirements to be considered a bilingual Audiologist or SLP

False

True or False: Only bilingual clinicians benefit from having an understanding of the cultural and linguistic background of individual clients

False

True or False: A person's cultural identity is static and cannot be changed based on encounters with individuals from other cultures

False

The place of articulation for the sound "th"

linguadental

Early identification of hearing loss minimizes the negative impact on ______________.

language, literacy and social development

Respiration, phonation, articulation, and resonance may all be impaired in this speech disorder

Dysarthria

This is considered to be the most common neurological cause of aphasia

Stroke (CVA)

A tone of only one frequency of vibration (with no tones superimposed)

Pure tone

The part of the ear impacted by otitis media

Middle ear

Verbal praise is a type of ___________ reinforcement

positive

A true sentence must contain a noun and _______.

verb

The number of syllables in the word "California"

4

Term for hearing loss associated with aging

presbycusis

Most adults who wear hearing aids have a ____________ hearing loss.

sensorineural

The range of normal human hearing sensitivity is _____________ dB HL.

0-25

Infant vocalizations from birth to 1 month of age consist of _____________.

reflexive sounds

The name of the muscle that "turns heads"

sternocleidomastoid

The professional organization for communication disorder specialist in US

ASHA, American Speech Language and Hearing Association

The interval between the release of the consonant and the onset of vocal fold vibration

voice onset time (VOT)

The brain and the spinal cord make up the...

central nervous system (CNS)

The term that defines where a sound is formed

place of articulation

The name of the muscle surrounding the lips

orbicularis oris

The cranial nerve that supplies motor information to the larynx to open and close the vocal folds

Vagus Nerve CN X

The term that refers to cycles per second

hertz

The term for a feeding or swallowing disorder

dysphagia

The difference in decibels between the softest and the loudest speech sounds is: 1-5 dB, 30-35 dB or 10-15 dB

30-35 dB

These sounds contribute most of the acoustic power of speech

vowels

The recommended language sample size for language analysis

100 utterances

The phonological process demonstrated in: Saying "kee" for the target "bee"

backing

What is the canonical shape of the word "leap"

CVC

Complete inability to produce audible voice

aphonia

The smallest unit of language that conveys meaning

morpheme

This aspect of language relates to meaning

semantics

In the sentence: "The mother who sat at her daughter's basketball game watched the event with excitement". What is "with excitement"

A prepositional phrase functioning as an adverb

The first step in the EBP process is to

frame the clinical question

A child with a phonological disorder is more likely to have difficulty in the areas of

Reading and spelling

A voice impairment with audible, but hoarse vocal quality

Dysphonia

True or False: Maternal rubella is a high-risk factor for hearing loss in children

True

True or False: In Wernicke's Aphasia, auditory comprehension is typically significantly impaired

True

Producing /p/ for the target /b/ is a ___________ error

voicing

True or False: Otitis media affects the function of the inner ear

False

True or False: Evaluation of central auditory processing is included in a standard diagnostic hearing evaluation

False

The last step in the EBP process is to:

evaluate the results and seek ways of improving the process for patients in the future

A printed letter is a _______________.

grapheme

True or False: Meniere's disease results from the aging process

False

The rule based ordering of words in connected output

syntax

Which phoneme is a voiced alveolar fricative? s,z, or v

z

A condition where calcification/abnormal bone growth of the ossicles occurs

otosclerosis

Aphasia is usually caused by a ___________.

stroke

True or False: The term "Dysphasia" means swallowing disorder

False

True or False: Sensorineural hearing loss results from impaired middle ear function

False

The place of articulation for the phoneme /f/ is:

labio-dental

True or False: The diaphragm is the primary muscle of exhalation

False

Cultural identity is ___________. This is why a brief encounter with a person from a different culture can result in change.

dynamic/ever changing

True or False: Speech and language evaluation and treatment should be completed only in English

False

True or False: Normally developing children begin to combine two words at 36 months of age

False