Long term causes to colonization

What was the immediate cause of World War I, and what were its long-term causes?

The immediate cause of WWI was the assassination of an Austrian prince. However, several long-term causes significantly contributed:

1. Nationalism
2. Industrial economies and imperialism
3. Militarization and naval power
4. Colonization

Define nationalism.

Nationalism is a strong sense of pride and loyalty to one's country.

How did nationalism contribute to the tensions leading to WWI?

Nationalism led to tensions as:

• Larger states took over smaller ones, bringing together different cultures, and people wanted self-government and freedom.
• The unification of Germany (1871) and Italy (1861) created stronger nations, which Britain and France viewed unfavorably.
• Nations aimed to stay united by culture, language, and traditions, and to demonstrate their power.

How did industrial economies and imperialism contribute to WWI?

Industrial economies and imperialism contributed as:

• The Industrial Revolution made capitalism the dominant economic system.
• Nations sought strong trade to be powerful, leading them to desire more land and raw materials in the 1800s, which describes imperialism and colonialism.

How did militarization and naval power escalate tensions before WWI?

European powers competed for dominance through an arms race involving stronger armies and navies:

• French and German armies doubled in size by the start of WWI, driven by the need to protect against attacks.
• Britain launched the first modern warship (HMS Dreadnought) in 1906, and Germany followed by building many warships, causing opposition from Britain due to Germany's small coastline.
• For example, between 1906 and 1914, Britain built 38 warships, while Germany built 24.

What role did colonization play in the lead-up to WWI?

Colonization played a significant role as many European countries expanded their territories by taking over African lands, which:

• Increased their military and economic power.
• Involved countries like Britain, Belgium, France, and Portugal acquiring numerous African colonies, with Germany joining to gain wealth and strength.
• Caused suspicion, such as when Germany colonized South West Africa, making Britain (which occupied South Africa) wary.
• Created tension among European countries due to their desire for Africa's minerals.