IL LAVORO NELLA NORMATIVA ITALIANA

Flashcards to review labor law concepts in the Italian context.

Lavoro (Labor)

Human activity, manual or intellectual, performed within a productive activity that creates or increases utility; a constitutionally recognized right and duty.

Diritto del Lavoro (Labor Law)

The legal framework that governs employment relationships, establishing reciprocal rights and duties between parties in a work contract.

Malattia Professionale (Occupational Disease)

An illness developed gradually over time, linked to the specific type of work activity.

Caporalato

Illegal recruitment and organization of labor in dependent employment.

Sindacati (Trade Unions)

Organizations that protect workers' rights and interests.

Assicurazioni Private (Private Insurance)

A private insurance system (precursor to modern insurance) where workers voluntarily contributed to a fund to support families of injured workers.

Assicurazioni Obbligatorie (Mandatory Insurance)

The system of mandatory insurance introduced in Germany in 1883 by Bismarck to protect workers from workplace accidents.

Costituzione (Constitution)

The fundamental law of Italy, effective January 1, 1948, which significantly influenced labor law.

Contratto Collettivo Nazionale di Lavoro (CCNL) (National Collective Bargaining Agreement)

A collective agreement that applies nationally to all members of a specific professional category, setting rules and economic conditions.

Minimo Sindacale (Minimum Wage per Union Agreement)

The minimum economic treatment guaranteed by the CCNL; individual contracts cannot stipulate lower pay.

Contratto Individuale (Individual Contract)

An agreement between an employer and an individual worker, largely based on the CCNL.

Principio Lavorista (Pro-Labor Principle)

The principle that Italy is a democratic republic founded on labor, emphasizing the importance of work.

Norma Programmatica (Programmatic Norm)

A constitutional norm that requires ordinary legislators to enact laws on a specific topic to improve related conditions.

Diritto alla Retribuzione (Right to Remuneration)

The right to a salary proportional to the quantity and quality of work, ensuring a free and dignified existence for the worker and their family.

Assistenza Sociale (Social Assistance)

Financial support provided by municipalities based on the principle that the closest entity to the citizen should offer needed services.

Previdenza Sociale (Social Security)

A social security system that provides financial aid to workers in case of injury, illness, disability, old age, or involuntary unemployment.

Cuneo Fiscale (Tax Wedge)

The difference between the cost of labor for an employer and the taxes they must pay on that labor.

Fiscalizzazione degli Oneri Sociali (Fiscalization of Social Charges)

When the state covers social security contributions typically paid by the employer, usually during economic crises, to alleviate labor costs and encourage employment.

Sciopero (Strike)

A tool of labor struggle, used to assert and reclaim rights.

Inflazione (Inflation)

Increase in the general price level, reducing the purchasing power of families.

Spirale Prezzi-Salari (Price-Wage Spiral)

The cycle where wage increases lead to price increases, and vice versa.

Politica dei Redditi (Income Policy)

A state policy that suggests wage increases should only occur with increased worker productivity.

Salario Reale (Real Wage)

Expresses the purchasing power of a worker.

Salario Nominale (Nominal Wage)

The monetary value of a wage.

Statuto dei Lavoratori (Workers’ Statute)

Guarantees the free exercise of union freedoms in the workplace.

Riforma Biagi (Biagi Reform)

Introduced various forms of employment contracts alongside the traditional permanent employment contract.

Jobs Act

Reformed contract types, returning to the predominant type of work: the permanent subordinate contract.

Domanda di Lavoro (Demand for Labor)

The theory that suggests the demand for labor is inversely proportional to the price of labor.

Disoccupazione Frizionale (Frictional Unemployment)

Unemployment associated with transitions, such as entering the workforce or changing jobs; considered a normal part of the labor market.

Lavoratore Subordinato (Subordinate Worker)

A worker with a dependent relationship, who receives directives and has a duty of obedience to the employer.

Lavoratore Autonomo (Autonomous Worker)

Someone who carries out a work activity without a subordinate relationship.