Science: Unit 1 Test Review - Space

Solar System

A gravitational bound system of the Sun and the objects orbit it

Asteroids

Very small planets made of rock or metal that orbit the sun (1-1000km)

Meteoroid

Rocks or metal objects smaller than an asteroid

Meteor

Becomes a meteor if it enters earth’s atmosphere

Meteorite

the parts of a meteor that land on the earth

Comet

Chunks of ice, dust, and rock that orbit the sun. Has a gaseous trail

Galaxies

A group of a billion to one hundred trillion stars

Universe

Everything that physically exists

Dwarf planet

A planet that cannot dominate its own orbit

Black hole

a place in space with such strong gravitational pull that even light can escape

Heliocentric

Having the sun in the center with earth and other planets orbiting around it

Electromagnetic spectrum

The range of electromagnetic radiation

Astronomical Unit

Unit used in Space

Redshift

the light waves become more compressed or loose the farther or closer an object is changing the colours appearance 

Big bang

Universe expanded from a very high density and temperature state into the universe we see today

Tide

The rise and lower of sea levels due to the gravitational pull of the moon, the earth and the rotation of the earth.

Why do we have seasons

Because of the earth tilt in certain parts of its orbit around the sun different places face the sun and away from the sun causing seasons

Lunar eclipse

the earth passes between the moon and sun blocking the sun’s light from reaching the moon an casting earths shadow the moon

Gravity

A pull between objects with mass

How do you know its summer or winter?

Titled towards the sun = summer in the north winter in the south Titled away from the sun summer in the south winter in the north

Sun

Determines the climate, weather and energy needed for all life on earth

Characteristics of terrestrial planets

Solid, rocky surface, high density and small

Characteristics of Gas giants

Not a solid surface, hydrogen and helium, has a lot of moons and rings, and big

Nebula

a cloud of gas made with hydrogen and helium

Red giant

a star that is past its peak and has consumed its core supply of hydrogen fuel

White dwarf

stars like the sun after they exhaust all their nuclear fuel