Viscerocranium pt. 1 (Maxilla, Mandible, Zygomatic)

Which bone is A?

frontal

Which bone is B?

temporal

Which bone is C?

parietal

Which bone is D?

occipital

Which bone is E?

zygomatic

Which bone is F?

mandible

Which bone is G?

maxilla

Which bone is H?

nasal

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• A?

maxilla, right, anterior, maxillary frontal process

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• B?

maxilla, right, anterior, maxillary alveolus

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• C?

maxilla, right, anterior, alveolar process

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• D?

maxilla, right, anterior, canine eminence

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• E?

maxilla, right, anterior, canine fossa

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• F?

maxilla, right, anterior, zygomatic process of the maxilla

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• G?

maxilla, right, anterior, infraorbital foramen

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• H?

maxilla, right, anterior, maxillary orbital margin

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• I?

maxilla, right, anterior, lacrimal groove

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• A?

maxilla, right, posterior, zygomatic process of the maxilla

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• B?

maxilla, right, posterior, maxillary tuber

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• C?

maxilla, right, posterior, 3rd molar (wisdom tooth)

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• D?

maxilla, right, posterior, palatine process

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• E?

maxilla, right, posterior, maxillary frontal process

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• F?

maxilla, right, posterior, lacrimal groove

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• A?

maxilla, right, medial, maxillary frontal process

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• B?

maxilla, right, medial, maxillary sinus

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• C?

maxilla, right, medial, palatine process

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• A?

maxilla, right, lateral, maxillary frontal process

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• B?

maxilla, right, lateral, nasal aperture

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• C?

maxilla, right, lateral, canine eminence

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• D?

maxilla, right, lateral, canine fossa

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• E?

maxilla, right, lateral, alveolar process

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• F?

maxilla, right, lateral, maxillary tuber

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• G?

maxilla, right, lateral, zygomatic process of the maxilla

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• A?

maxilla, right, superior, lacrimal groove

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• B?

maxilla, right, superior, maxillary orbital margin

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• A?

maxilla, right, inferior, alveolar process

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• B?

maxilla, right, inferior, zygomatic process of the maxilla

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• C?

maxilla, right, inferior, maxillary alveoli

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• D?

maxilla, right, inferior, incisive foramen

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• E?

maxilla, right, inferior, palatine process

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• A?

mandible, left, lateral, oblique line

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• B?

mandible, left, lateral, mandibular alveoli

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• C?

mandible, left, lateral, mental foramen

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• D?

mandible, left, lateral, mental protuberance

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• E?

mandible, left, lateral, mandibular body

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• F?

mandible, left, lateral, gonial angle

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• G?

mandible, left, lateral, mandibular ramus

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• H?

mandible, left, lateral, condylar neck

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• I?

mandible, left, lateral, mandibular condyle

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• J?

mandible, left, lateral, mandibular notch

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• K?

mandible, left, lateral, coronoid process

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• A?

mandible, unsided, posterior, mandibular condyle

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• B?

mandible, unsided, posterior, mandibular foramen

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• C?

mandible, unsided, posterior, gonial angle

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• D?

mandible, unsided, posterior, mental spines

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• E?

mandible, unsided, posterior, mylohyoid groove

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• F?

mandible, unsided, posterior, lingula

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• G?

mandible, unsided, posterior, condylar neck

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• A?

mandible, unsided, superior, condylar neck

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• B?

mandible, unsided, superior, lingula

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• C?

mandible, unsided, superior, coronoid process

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• D?

mandible, unsided, superior, mental spines

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• E?

mandible, unsided, superior, mandibular body

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• F?

mandible, unsided, superior, mandibular notch

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• G?

mandible, unsided, superior, mandibular condyle

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• A?

zygomatic, right, lateral, zygomatic frontal process

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• B?

zygomatic, right, lateral, zygomaticofacial foramen

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• C?

zygomatic, right, lateral, temporal process

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• D?

zygomatic, right, lateral, maxillary process

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• E?

zygomatic, right, lateral, zygomatic orbital margin

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• A?

zygomatic, right, medial, zygomaticoorbital foramina

Name the following:

• Bone?

• Side?

• View?

• B?

zygomatic, right, medial, zygomaticotemporal foramen

The maxilla is a set of paired bones (L & R) that form the _______ ____, the floor of the _____, the sides and floor of the ______ ________, and the _________ _____ _______ (what you can feel with your tongue). The maxilla articulates with nearly every other _______ ______.

upper jaw, orbit, nasal cavity, anterior hard palate, facial bone

Facial/Anterior Maxilla

the inferior ridge of bone that contains the sockets for the upper teeth; where we think of our upper gums to be; U-shaped

alveolar process

Facial/Anterior Maxilla

the individual tooth socket within the alveolar process

maxillary alveolus

Facial/Anterior Maxilla

rounded posterior end of the alveolar process; extends above near where the 3rd molar will be (aka your wisdom teeth); anterior to where the inferior sphenoid articulates; the ends of the “U”

maxillary tuber

Facial/Anterior Maxilla

raised anterior bump of bone extending upwards from the root of the canine teeth towards the nasal cavity

canine eminence

Facial/Anterior Maxilla

shallow depression posterior & lateral to the canine eminence

canine fossa

Facial/Anterior Maxilla

superior offshoots of bone that form the side parts of the nasal aperture (the triangular hole that is where the nose cartilage would be); extends superiorly; articulates with the frontal bone

maxillary frontal process

Facial/Anterior Maxilla

tunnel running through the maxilla from underneath the orbits into the inferior surface of the orbit

infraorbital canal

Facial/Anterior Maxilla

foramen right underneath the orbits; exit point of the infraorbital canal; the opening for the infraorbital nerves and vessels to come out into the face; opens downwards kind of in line with the canine fossas; sometimes confused with just a hole, so try to trace it back to the infraorbital canal

infraorbital foramen

Facial/Anterior Maxilla

flange of bone extending laterally; articulates with the zygomatic bone

zygomatic process of the maxilla

Facial/Anterior Maxilla

forms the lower rim of the eye socket; kind of extends down/out laterally from the frontal processes

maxillary orbital margin

Facial/Anterior Maxilla

vertical groove on the medial portion of the orbits between the frontal processes and the orbital margin

lacrimal groove

Inferior Maxilla

flat horizontal plate that forms the anterior 2/3s of the hard palate; the roof of our mouth

palatine process

Inferior Maxilla

hole in the front of the palatine process right behind the middle incisors; opens anteriorly 

incisive foramen

Inferior Maxilla

bony canal that extends upwards from the incisive foramen; transmits the nasopalatine nerves

incisive canal

Inferior Maxilla

large air-filled cavity inside the body of the maxilla; rests underneath the orbits; part of the paranasal sinus system; shoots off to the side of the nasal aperture (but is NOT the nasal aperture itself!); basically underneath our cheek; fills with mucus when we have a sinus infection which is why we often feel pressure here on our upper cheeks

maxillary sinus

the largest and strongest bone in our face

mandible

The mandible forms the _______ ____ and holds the _______ ____ of ______. It has a high ________ of ________ bone compared to ________ bone due to the high amount of _____ applied to/by it.

lower jaw, lower row, teeth, density, cortical, spongy, force

The mandible is a _______ bone in adults, but it begins as ___ _______ that _____ together in the middle

single, two halves, fuse

The mandible articulates with the ___________ bones at the ____

temporal, TMJ

Mandible Evolution

Our jaws have been getting _________ and less _______ as we go through time. With the introduction of _____ and ______________, allowing us to eat _______, _______ foods, we had less _______ to exert on our bones. Around this time is when we start to see evidence of _________, tooth _______, and __________. We also started to see ____ _______ __________, meaning that instead of 4 __________ _______, people started having 3 or 2 or none. As our jaws got ________, we started having less _____ for our _________ _______. However, they still try to emerge, and this can cause __________.

smaller, robust, fire, agriculture, softer, cooked, forces, cavities, decay, infection, 3rd molar agenesis, wisdom teeth, smaller, room, wisdom teeth, infection

Chin & Anterior Mandible

the actual thick inferior portion of bone; horizontal and curved portion that holds the alveoli and the chin region

mandibular body

Chin & Anterior Mandible

individual sockets for the lower teeth

mandibular alveolus

Chin & Anterior Mandible

the point of fusion at our chin between the two mandible bones

mental symphysis

Chin & Anterior Mandible

midline triangular-shaped projection that forms the chin; the widening of the chin is often used for sexing

mental protuberance

Chin & Anterior Mandible

small holes on either side of the chin; on the lateral body of the mandible; below where our premolars are; for the mental nerves and vessels to come out

mental foramen

Lateral/External Mandible

flat posterior-lateral portion of the mandible that extends superiorly from the body; the whole flared wing of bone

mandibular ramus

Lateral/External Mandible

the curved posterior/inferior corner where the body meets the ramus; our jawline; point of attachment for the masseter muscle (1/2 of our chewing muscles)

gonial angle