How far can Gladstone's decision to pursue home rule after 1885 be seen as the key turning point in British policy towards Ireland in the years 1774-1923?

When did Gladstone take an interest in the Irish Question?

after the Fenian Rising

Why did Gladstone resign in 1885?

lost the support of the IPP, Parnell drew closer to the Tories in June and switched votes

What did Gladstone decide whilst thinking on the Irish question?

HR only solution

What term did Gladstone prefer for HR?

'local autonomy'- fair degree of self gov, same relationship with Br as Canada and Norway with Sweden

How did religion influence Gladstone?

believed providence was leading him on a moral crusade

Why did Gladstone leak his conversion to HR to the newspapers?

IPP hugely successful in election -> worried that strength of nationalist vote would lead nationalists to set up own Parl in Dublin

How many seats did the IPP get in 1870?

86/103

Why was HRB1 introduced?

Gladstone's interest in Anglo-Irish relations, moral choice, pressure from IPP majority (held balance of power)

When was HRB1 introduced?

1886

Who opposed HRB1?

Conservatives (betrayed the Empire), Whigs, Joseph Chamberlain

By how many votes was HRB1 defeated?

30

How did HRB1 show Irish power over Westminster?

the issue dissolved Parliament

What was the difference between HRB1 and HRB2?

HRB2 allowed Irish Mps to vote in Westminster on Irish taxation issues

By how many votes was HRB2 defeated in the House of Lords?

41

Why did Gladstone not push through HRB3?

too old and weak, retired 7months later

How did the HoL affect the outcome of HRB2?

had a Conservative majority and the Parliamentary Act had not happened yet so they could veto the bill indefinitely

What caused HRB3?

re-election of Liberals under Asquith in 1910, IPP under Redmond still held balance of power

What was the difference between HRB2 and HRB3?

Lord Lieutenant remained as the figurehead for Britain in Ireland

By how much was HRB3 defeated in the House of Lords in 1913?

69

What prevented HRB3 from being passed?

outbreak of war after it was vetoed by the HoL for 2 years

When was HRB2 voted on?

1893

When was HRB3 introduced?

1912

How did the IPP affect the outcome of HRB3?

Attention turned to Parnell's affair leading to infighting, held balance of power over Liberals which overcame opposition from Conservatives

How did unionists affect the outcome of HRB3?

unionists in Ulster threatened violence if the bill was to go through- states excluded from HRB3