MA slop integumentary system

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The first function ________ protects the body from…., also the skin has to reamin intact for this

• Bacteria and other microorganisms

• Physical injury

• Damage from the sun

• Loss of body fluids

• Foreign materials entering the body

Protection

The second funciton ____ that works with nervous system n contains receptors n nerve endings that detect…

• Touch

• Pressure

• Pain

• Heat

• Cold

Perception

The third funciton _____ works to keep the bodys temperature stable using..

Temperature regulation

• Blood vessel dilation

• Blood vessel constriciton

• Sweat

Blood vessels _____ → become ____ → more heat escapes → body cools

dilate; wider

Blood vessels ______ → become ______ → less heat escapes → body stays warmer

constict ; narrower

The relationship between sweat and being hot

When hot , sweat glands produce sweat then the ducts carry the sweat to the skins surface, the the sweat evaporates, and the underlying blood vessels cool down

The fourth function _____ helps skin _____ certain substances like gasses, vitamins and hormones

Absorption; absorb

Transdermal medicaiton given through the skin has these benefits..

is gradually absorbed into the skin in even doses so not all medicaiton is administered at once, reduces need for multiple doses, dosent have negative side affects on digestive system like oral medication.

What specific gasses vitamins and hormones absorb through skin, what gas cant.

vitamins K E D A, sex hormones, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and not carbon monoxide

The fifth function____ that removes ____________ from body using ______

Excreation; water, salt, small amount of wate products; sweat

The skin produces vitamin d

UV rays from sunlight react to compounds in the skin to produce vitamin D

The 5 major organs of the integumentary system

Sweat glands, sebaceous/oil glands, hair, nails, skin

what is the skin divided into

Epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous layer

What are the tiny coiled tubes called, and where are they located? What do their ducts release, and its purpose?

called sweat glands, located in the dermis, they release sweat. and funciton to control temperature and excretion.

what are located in or near hair follicles, not found on palms or soles of feet, what do they produce and what does it do

The sebaceous glands, produce sebum to lube the hair and skin to prevent dryness and brittleness.

What grows from a hair follicle, what does it extend into usually and what does it extend into when longer, what muscle is attached to its follicle.

Hair, extend into dermis and sometine subcutaneous layer, attached to erector pili

What does the erector pili muscle do

it contracts from cold or increased emotions usually fear and causes goosebumps

Found at the ends of fingers and toes made of hard keratin

Nails

What is the outermost layer

Epidermis

What are the important structures in the epidermis

new skin cells, melanocytes, keratin, consistently replaced layers of cells

Melanin

found in epidermis , produced by melanocytes, contributes to skin color and protects skin form UV rays

A protein that forms hair , nails, and epidermis, soft n hard

keratin

What is the middle layer also known as true skin

Dermis

What strucutres does the dermis contain

blood vessels, nerves, sensory receptors, hair follicles, sweat glands, sebacous glands, collagen fibers, elastic fibers

protein that provides strength and support , found where and makes the skin do what

collagen is found in dermis and makes skin look young

What allows skin to stretch and return toward its original shape, what happens to it when ppl age

Elastic fibers, they change cuase collagen degenerates so u get wrinkles

tube like strucutre where hair grows, where is it primarily

follicle in dermis sometimes sucutaneous layer hair home

what does abcde stand for malignant mole wise

asymmetry, border, color, diameter, evolving

risk factors of melanoma

main cause is sun exposure from UV rays , so long periods in sun, spending many hours outside, intense sunlight, and repeated sunburn. Severe blistering before 20 increases risk

physical characteristics increase risk of melanoma

light skin, bland hair, red hair, blue eyes, sunburn tendency

Pateint education for melanoma

avoid excessive sun exposure, use at least spf 30, avoid tanning beds or sun lamps, regularly examine skin for changes.

why is self examination important

to notice new moles,new growths , new sores, new discoloration, change in existing benign moles

what are infants and small children skin like

soft , supple, delicate

what are teenagers skin like and why

increased oil gland secretion since sebacous glands become more active so acne becuase of clogged follicles

what are adult skin like

skin slowly becomes more rigid, collagen is decreasing, and wrinkles develop, sun exposure sppeds up this process.

what are lederly skin like

thin , fragile, very rigid, loss of elasticity, easily damaged, bruiseable, hyperpigmentation.

ulcer

a deep loss of the skin surfacee that can extend into the dermis, can bleeed and heal with scarring

crust

a collection of dried exudate and debris on skin, yellow

Fissure

a linear crack that extends from the epidermis toward the dermis

wheal

temporary raised area caused by localized swealling associated w hives, allergic reaction and insect bites

Pustule

a raised leasion containing pus

papule

a small raised solid skin lesion

vesicle

a small raised fluid filled lesion can come form chicken pox or herpes simplex

nodule

a raised solid area that is deep and firm biger than 5mm like a wart and cyst

excoriation

a scrape or injusry caused by scratchin gor rubbing the skin

Macule

a flat area of skin that is diffrent in color form the surrounding skin , not raised, lik ea freckle or petechia

tumor

soild mass of cells

melanoma

malignant tumaor that comes form melanocytes, spread through ciruclatory or lympatic system moslty fluid systems

what does the subcutanous layer contian

fat, cushioning, insulation

if collagen is stength and support what is elastic fibers

strech and flexibility

papule

raised solid

vesicle

raised fluid filled

pustule

raised pus filled

macule vs papule

macule flat and pauple raised

papule smaller solid raised

nodule larger deeper firm

fissure

crack

ulcer

deeper loss of tissue

excoriaiton

scrape from scratching or rubbing