Strategies in Teaching Literacy Through Literature

KWL Strategy

is a reading strategy that helps learners connect their prior knowledge with new information and reflect on what they have learned.

What I Know

K

What I Want to Know

W

What I Learned

L

Activates prior knowledge

purpose of K What I Know

Establishes questions and learning purposes

purpose of W What I Want to Know

Encourages reflection and comprehension

purpose of L What I Learned

stories, folktales, legends, biographies, and culturally relevant texts.

Although KWL is often associated with informational texts, it can be very effective in teaching literature, especially

K

What do you know?

W

What do you want to know

L

What did you learn?

Think-Pair-Share (TPS)

is a cooperative learning strategy

1. Think individually.

2. Pair with another student.

3. Share their ideas with the class.

Think-Pair-Share (TPS) is a cooperative learning strategy in which students:

literary interpretation

Think-Pair-Share (TPS) is especially useful in literature because ____ often has more than one reasonable answer.

supported by textual evidence

share in Think-Pair-Share (TPS) is important because students learn that literary interpretations should be

evidence-based literary discussion

Think-Pair-Share (TPS) transforms a simple comprehension question into

Think-Square-Share

extends Think-Pair-Share by allowing students to work in groups of four

Think-Square-Share

Students first think individually, discuss with a partner, form a group of four, and finally share their group's ideas.

Step 1 – THINK

Students independently answer a question.

Step 2 – PAIR

Students compare their answers with a partner.

Step 3 – SQUARE

Two pairs combine to form a group of four.

Step 4 – SHARE

The group presents its conclusion to the class.

Think-Square-Share

Good for complex questions

Think-Square-Share

Allows deeper discussion

Think-Square-Share

More opportunities for collaborative analysis

Think-Square-Share

Useful for group literary interpretation

Think-Pair-Share

Suitable for large classes

Think-Pair-Share

More opportunities for individual speaking

Think-Pair-Share

Good for short questions

Drama Method

uses acting and dramatic activities to help learners understand literature.

experience the story through performance

in drama method instead of merely reading a story, students

interactive and experiential

Drama makes literature

Character

Conflict

Emotion

Motivation

Language

Drama helps students understand:

• conversational language

• dialogue

• expression

• pronunciation

• vocabulary

in drama method students practice:

Image Analysis

involves examining pictures, illustrations, photographs, drawings, paintings, or visual scenes to develop students' ability to observe, interpret, infer, and communicate meaning.

observe, interpret, infer, and communicate meaning

Image Analysis involves examining pictures, illustrations, photographs, drawings, paintings, or visual scenes to develop students' ability to

Before reading

To predict what the story might be about.

During reading

To interpret characters, setting, mood, and events.

After reading

To analyze whether the illustration accurately represents the text.

Image Analysis

This strategy is particularly useful for children because visual information can serve as a bridge toward understanding written language.

The Observe–Interpret–Question Approach

This encourages students to distinguish observation from interpretation.

observation from interpretation

The Observe–Interpret–Question Approach encourages students to distinguish