American History Chapter 25: Section 25.4

During the spring of 1942, Japan attempted to conquer?

Midway, Wake, and Guam 

commander sent to the Philippines to help the islands prepare their defenses

forced to retreat but made the promise “I shall return.”

Douglas MacArthur

landed in Luzon and Manila, forcing MacArthur to retreat to the Bataan Peninsula

The Japanese

the march of American prisoners from Bataan and Corregidor to Bataan

Bataan Death March

Allied pilot who led the 1st air raids on Japan

Jimmy Doolittle

1. Japanese push toward Australia was stopped 

2. The 1st battle in World History in which naval ships never saw each other

Battle of the Coral Sea

stop of the Japanese push to Hawaii; turning point of the war in the Pacific

Battle of Midway

helped keep American communications safe from Japanese code breakers

Navajo Code Talkers

land forces of America would move from island to island as they progressed to Japanese mainland

Island-Hopping

leader of the naval fleet in the Pacific

Chester W. Nimitz

The Allies secured Saipan

Battle of the Philippine Sea 

America began their invasion of the Philippines

1944

The Japanese navy was defeated

Battle of Leyte Gulf

used B-29 Bombers and submarines to break the Japanese navy

U.S. Air Force

a strategic island necessary for American bombers; conquered with heavy casualties—almost all of the Japanese on the island were killed

Iwo Jima

Japanese suicide airplanes

Kamikazes

passed away in April 1945, and VP Harry S. Truman became president

FDR

replaced Churchill as prime minister of Great Britain

Clement Attlee

called on the Japanese to unconditionally surrender and withdraw to the Japanese mainland

Potsdam Declaration

developed during the 1940s

Atomic Bomb

were 2 physicists involved in this Manhattan Project 

Albert Einstein and J. Robert Oppenheimer

a B-29 bomber dropped a single atomic bomb on Hiroshima

August 6, 1945

a second atomic bomb was dropped on Nagasaki 

August 9, 1945

code name for the invasion on the Japanese mainland

Downfall

Japan surrendered to the Allies (V-J Day); World War II was over 

September 2, 1945