GCSE AQA Biology Revision Flashcards

30 question-and-answer flashcards covering key GCSE AQA Biology topics, from cell structure to sustainability.

What are the two main types of cell?

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic

How is magnification calculated?

By dividing the size of the image by the size of the real object

What are chromosomes made of?

DNA

What is the process by which water molecules move from a dilute solution to a more concentrated one across a semi-permeable membrane?

Osmosis

What is an organ?

A group of different tissues working together to perform a specific job

What are the three main types of digestive enzymes?

Protease, lipase and carbohydrase

What are the three different types of blood vessel?

Arteries, veins and capillaries

What two treatments can be used for coronary heart disease?

Stents to keep coronary arteries open and statins to reduce cholesterol

What is the process by which water evaporates through stomata in the leaves?

Transpiration

What is the vector of malaria?

A type of mosquito

How can a person be made immune to a specific disease?

Through vaccination

What is MRSA?

A strain of bacteria that is resistant to antibiotics

What types of plant diseases are caused by a lack of mineral ions in the soil?

Deficiency diseases

What two products are produced when carbon dioxide and water combine in photosynthesis?

Glucose and oxygen

What is anaerobic respiration in yeast cells called?

Fermentation

Which part of the brain controls body temperature?

The thermoregulatory centre

What structure carries impulses from the retina to the brain?

The optic nerve

What are the chemical messengers produced by glands of the endocrine system?

Hormones

What four hormones are involved in the menstrual cycle?

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), oestrogen, luteinising hormone (LH) and progesterone

What process causes a plant to grow toward or away from light?

Phototropism

What type of cell division forms gametes?

Meiosis

What is the structure of DNA?

A double helix polymer of nucleotides

What word describes having two different alleles for a gene?

Heterozygous

What process is the gradual change in the inherited characteristics of a population over time?

Evolution

How are genetically identical individuals described?

Clones

What classification system gives organisms a two-part name of genus and species?

The binomial system

What is a population?

A group of individuals of one species living in a habitat

What are the top consumers in a food chain called?

Apex predators

Name two gases that contribute to global warming.

Carbon dioxide and methane

How are methods that increase food production now but leave enough resources for the future described?

Sustainable