Kidney Function and Dialysis Overview

These flashcards cover essential concepts about kidney health, the symptoms and complications of chronic kidney disease, and the types and functions of dialysis.

What are some common symptoms of chronic kidney failure?

Fatigue, ammonia smelling breath, loss of appetite, foamy urine, difficulty urinating, joint pain.

What does GFR stand for and what does it indicate?

Glomerular Filtration Rate; it measures how well the kidneys are filtering blood.

What is the primary function of erythropoietin related to kidney health?

It stimulates red blood cell production to prevent anemia.

What dietary restrictions are typically recommended for patients with chronic kidney disease?

Restrict sodium, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, and limit protein intake.

What is the main difference between hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis?

Hemodialysis uses a machine to filter blood outside the body, while peritoneal dialysis uses the abdominal cavity for filtration.

What is Kussmaul's respiration and when is it typically seen?

A type of heavy, deep breathing seen in acidosis, such as in chronic kidney disease.

What complications can arise from chronic kidney disease?

Hyperkalemia, anemia, heart failure, hypertension, bone disease, pericarditis.

Why should patients with chronic kidney disease avoid potassium-sparing diuretics like spironolactone?

Because they can lead to hyperkalemia by retaining potassium.

What is the purpose of dialysis?

To remove waste products and excess fluid from the blood in patients with kidney failure.

What is CRRT and who is it typically used for?

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy; used for critically ill patients who cannot tolerate traditional dialysis.