Give Me Liberty! By Eric Foner Chapter 18

Pope Leo XIII's 1894 Rerum Novarum and the Catholic priest Father John A. Ryan's A Living Wage (1906) called for all of the following except:

the view that the Catholic Church should in no way become involved in discussions of wages, working conditions, and the ethical basis of the free market economy.

Between 1901 and 1914,

13 million immigrants came to the US

In Progressive-era America, what particular locale became known as a center of sexual experimentation, attracting women interested in free sexual expression and, with its aura of tolerance, attracted many homosexuals?

Greenwich Village in New York City

The organization of middle-class and upper-class women and impoverished immigrants founded in 1903 to bring women workers into unions was called the:

Women's Trade Union League

Progressive era women's rights activists were:

engaged in a wide range of social causes.

A principal organization in the early twentieth century that battled for civil liberties and the right of individual freedom of speech was"

the Industrial Workers of the World

The term "progressive" that came into common use around 1910 describes:

a loosely defined political movement of individuals and groups who hoped to bring about social and political change in American life.

In Charlotte Perkins Gilman's view, as she wrote in her influential book Women and Economics (1898):

prevailing gender norms condemned women to a life of domestic drudgery; women were oppressed, and a housewife was an unproductive parasite.

Who was the Progressive-era mayor of Toledo who founded night schools, built new parks, established kindergartens, and supported the right of workers to unionize?

Samuel "Golden Rule" Jones

In 1907, at a time when segregation had become much the norm throughout the South, in which city did a strike of 10,000 black and white dockworkers take place, as a remarkable expression of interracial solidarity?

New Orleans, Louisiana

What was the name of the organization that advocated a workers' revolution to seize control of the means of production and abolish the state, and which organized women, blacks, as Asian-Americans, as well as white men?

Industrial Workers of the World

Who was the early-twentieth-century governor of Wisconsin who believed that the state was a "laboratory for democracy," developed what came to be known as the Wisconsin Idea, taxed corporate wealth, and initiated state regulation of public utilities?

Robert M. La Follette

The 1909 "uprising of the 20,000" was:

a walkout of garment workers, which led to a victory for the International Ladies' Garment Workers Union.

What was the name of the organization that sponsored the 1914 debate at New York City's Cooper Union on the question "What is feminism?" and whose definition of feminism emphasized greater economic opportunities, the vote, and open discussions of sexuality?

Heterodoxy

Progressive-era feminists were

engaged in a wide range of social causes.

Progressive-era writers and photographers seeking to expose the underside of urban-industrial society were known as:

Muckrackers

The Progressive-era economic system based on mass production and mass consumption came to be called:

Fordism

The Progressive era was a time of:

explosive economic growth, rapid population rise, and increased industrial production, and "Golden Age" for American agriculture.

Which of the following series of events is listed in proper sequence?

assassination of President McKinley; Meat Inspection Act; unveiling of Woodrow Wilson's New Freedom program; Federal Reserve Act

The 1914 Ludlow Massacre was:

an attack by militia against a tent city of striking workers in Colorado.

All of the following were muckrakers except:

Theodore Roosevelt

Who was the woman best known during the second decade of the twentieth century for promoting birth control?

Margaret Sanger

The amendment to the United States Constitution that provides that United States senators will be chosen by popular vote rather than by state legislatures is:

The Seventeenth Amendment

In the Progressive Era, industry was on the rise and agriculture was in decline.

False

Immigrants from southern and eastern Europe showed little interest in emerging forms of popular entertainment such as amusement parks, dance halls, and nickelodeons.

False

One of the main principles of Frederick W. Taylor's "scientific management" was the submission of workers to the dictates of their supervisors.

True

As president, Theodore Roosevelt was determined to break up every business trust he could find.

False

At times Progressives sought to expand popular democracy, and at times they sought to restrict it.

True

Theodore Roosevelt's "New Nationalism" called for vigorous federal intervention in the economy, while Woodrow Wilson's "New Freedom" called on government to stay out of business affairs.

False

Women reformers devoted little attention to labor conditions, regarding that as a "man's issue."

False

The new radical "bohemia" that thrived in places like Greenwich Village explored fresh ways of thinking about politics, culture, and sexuality.

True

In the early twentieth century, New York City was a center of finance, publishing, and entertainment, but there was almost no manufacturing going on in the city.

False

The 1911, Triangle Fire was a fire in a triangular region of Massachusetts between the towns of Worcester, Boston, and Salem.

False

Historians call the period of American history from the closing years of the nineteenth century into the second decade of the twentieth century the Progressive era.

True

The Progressive era was a time of economic expansion that produced millions of new jobs and brought unprecedented material wealth to millions of Americans.

True

During the Progressive era, the Imperial Valley of California was transformed by irrigation and became a major area of commercial farming.

True

Directly or indirectly, J. P. Morgan controlled 40 percent of the financial and industrial capital in the United States in the opening years of the twentieth century.

True

By 1910, almost 60 percent of workers in leading manufacturing and mining industries were foreign-born.

True

By the 1910s, women worked not only as domestic servants, but also as office workers, telephone operators, and store clerks.

True

Mabel Dodge's New York living room was the location of a famed "salon" in which bohemian intellectuals and intelligentsia gathered to discuss issues of sexual liberation, modern trends in art, and labor unrest.

True

"Social legislation" includes governmental action taken to address urban problems and the insecurities of working-class life.

True

The politics of Progressivism was almost solely a North American phenomenon.

False

The initiative, referendum, and recall were all early twentieth-century means by which democracy was expanded.

True

During the Progressive Era, city managers and nonpartisan commissions ran many municipalities.

True

One current of Progressive-era political thought promoted the view that experts—college professors and others able to apply scientific methods to modern social problems—ought to direct government policy.

True

By 1900, more than 80,000 women in the United States had earned college degrees.

True

Julia Lathrop was the first woman to head a federal agency; in 1912 she took up leadership of the Children's Bureau.

True

After 1900, the campaign for woman suffrage became a mass movement; membership in the American Woman Suffrage Association was more than 2 million by 1917.

True

By 1900, more than half of the states allowed women to vote on school issues, and four Western states allowed women full suffrage.

True

Massachusetts became the first state east of the Mississippi to allow women the right to vote in presidential elections.

False

After 1910, mothers' pensions—aid given to mothers of young children who lacked male support—were established by many states; though, to be sure, the amounts of the monthly checks given to such mothers was small and often inadequate.

True

Feminists who supported mothers' pensions believed these pensions would empower single women.

True

By 1913, twenty-two states had enacted workmen's compensation laws.

True

The first World Series was played in 1903.

True

Theodore Roosevelt was the youngest president in American history.

True

President Theodore Roosevelt distinguished between "good" and "bad" corporations, and in the Northern Securities Company case made his mark as a trust buster.

True

An example of President Roosevelt's activism was his handling of the anthracite coal strike of 1902, in which he threatened a federal takeover of the mines.

True

A significant step in the expansion of federal power over the economy was taken in 1906 with passage of the Hepburn Act, which allowed the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) to set railroad rates.

True

Another important example of federal intervention and a new activism on the part of the national government into the economy was passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act (1906) by which the federal government became the agent policing the labeling and quality of food and drugs.

True

Gifford Pinchot held that logging, mining, and grazing on public lands should be eliminated.

False

The Sixteenth Amendment made the income tax constitutional.

True

The 1912 Progressive Party platform set out a blueprint for a modern welfare state.

True

The Underwood Tariff imposed a graduated income tax on the richest 5 percent of Americans.

True

The Federal Reserve System (1913), and the Federal Trade Commission (1914) were major examples of the remarkable expansion of the role of the federal government in the economy during the Progressive Era.

True