Chapter 15: The nervous System: The brain and cranial nerves

cerebellum

memory, storage, processing

conscious and subconscious regulation

help maintain balance and adjust the postural muscles of the body

thalamus

relay and processing center for sensory information

hypothalamus

center controls emotion, autonomic function and hormone production

pons

relays sensory informaiton to the cerebellum and thalamus

cerebellum

coordinated complex somatic motor patterns

medulla oblongata

relays sensory information to thalamus and to to the portions of the brain

physically connects the brain with the spinal cord

is a relay station

controls blood pressure, breathing and heart rate

cerebellum

-is the largest most superior portion of the human brain

-each cerebral hemisphere receives sensory information from and generate motor commands to the opposite side of the body

subarachnoid space

houses Cerebral spinal fluid

frontal lobe primary motor cortex

conscious control of skeletal muscles

parietal lobe primary sensory cortex

conscious perception of touch, pressure, vibration, pain, temperature, and taste

occipital lobe visual cortex

conscious perception of visual stimuli

temporal lobe auditory cortex and olfactory cortex

conscious perception of auditory and olfactory stimuli

all lobes

integration and processing of sensory data; processing and initiation of motor activities

limbic system

processing of memories, creation of emotional state, drives, and associated behaviors

hypothalamus

center concerned with emotions, appetites( thirst, hunger) and related behaviors

diencephalon

connects the cerebrum to the brain stem both structurally and functionally

diencephalon

epithalamus

thalamus

hypothalamus

epithalmus

controls the circadian rhythm

thalamus

relays information

hypothalamus

coordinates the nervous and endocrine system

mammillary gland

controls feeding reflexes(licking, swallowing)

autonomic centers

control heart rate, blood pressure via regulation of autonomic centers in the medulla oblongata

suprachiasmatic nucleus

regulates daily rhythms

limbic system nuclei

coordinate involuntary movements of skeletal muscles

cerebral peduncles

nerve bundles to and from the brain/spinal cord

corpora quadregemina

superior colliculi-visual

inferior colliculi-auditory

tectum

rood of brain stem

pons

has a house for cranial number V, Vl, Vll, and Vlll

helps regulate respiration

helps coordinates involuntary skeletal muscles movements and muscles tone

relays information to and from the brain/spinal cord

olfactory 1

cribriform plate

optic 2

optic canal of sphenoid

oculomotor 3

superior orbital fissure of sphenoid

trochlear 4

superior orbital fissure of sphenoid

trigeminal 5

superior orbital fisure

foreman rotudum

formen ovale

abducens 6

superior orbital fissure of sphenoid

facial 7

internal acoustic meatus to facial canl; exits at stlomastoid foramen

vestibulochochlear 8

internal acoustic meatus of the temporal bone

glossopharyngeal 9

jugular foramen between occipital and temporal bones

vagus 10

jugular foramen between occipital and temporal bones

accesory 11

jugular foramen between occipital and temporal bones

hypoglossal 12

hypoglossal canal of occipital bone

mesenccephalon

processing of visual and auditory data

generation of reflective somatic motor responses

maintenance of consciousness

cranial meninges

dura mater

arachnoid mater

pia mater

occipital lobe

lose vision if you fall

association fibers

interconnect cortical area within the same hemisphere

arcuate fibers

interconnect gyri within a lobe

longitudinal fasciculi

interconnect the frontal lobe with other cerebral lobes

commisural fibers

interconnect corresponding lobed of different hemispheres

projection fibers

connect cerebral cortex to diencephalon brain stem, cerebellum and spinal cord

amygdaloid body

component of limbic system

claustrum

play a role in the subconscious processing of visual information

caudate nucleus

lentiform nucleus

subconscious adjustment and modification of voluntary motor command

reticular formation

network of interconnected nuclei throughout brain stem

white mater

connects primary motor cortex with motor neurons in brain and spinal cord: ascending sensory information thalamus

gray mater

respiratory center

other nuclei centers

white mater

ascending and descending tracts

transverse fibers