Chem unit 1

Matter

anything that has mass and occupies space

atoms

tiny particles that are the fundamental building blocks of matter

Element

simplest form o form of matter that has a characteristic set of properties

chemical symbol

two letters representing a element

molecules

when two or more atoms combine and are held together by chemical bonds

binding force

chemical bond that hold two atoms together

energy

capacity to move, do work, change matter, or produce heat

kinetic energy

energy that matter has because of motion

Thermal energy

The total kinetic energy of particles that make up matter

potential energy

Stored energy based on a objects position, state, or parts

Chemical potential Energy

energy stored in chemical bonds that hold atoms together

This energy can be released or absorbed during a chemical process

system

a portion of the universe that a scientist identifies for study

surroundings

everything else around the system

Macroscopic property

characteristic that is large enough to see without magnification

subatomic particles

small particles that make up atoms

protons

positive charges subatomic particles

neutron

subatomic particles with no charge

electrons

subatomic particles with negative charge

nucleus

dense center core made out of protons and neutrons

Atomic mass/AMU

the unit used to measure the mass of subatomic particles

atomic number

the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

periodic table

an arrangement of elements in which they are separated into groups based on repeated properties

mass number

the total number of protons and neutron

isotopes

atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutron

reference isotopes

isotopes whose mass can be measured accurately and is use as a basis to measure other atoms

Average atomic mass

an elements weighted average of the masses of its isotopes