Cloning

Clone

They will have the same exact DNA as the parent.

A single cell is removed from a parent organism.

How is cloning done? 1.

An entire individual is grown from that cell.

How is cloning done? 2.

Remember one cell has all the DNA needed to make an entire organism.

How is cloning done? 3.

Each cell in the body has the same DNA, but cells vary because different genes are turned on in each cell.

How is cloning done? 4.

Dolly the sheep

• She was the first mammal cloned.

• She had the same exact DNA as her mother and had no father.

Cloning

It is a form of asexual reproduction.

haploid

eggs are what type of cells?

haploid

half the chromosomes, 23 in humans

diploid

body cells are what type of cells?

diploid

two sets of chromosomes, one from mom and one from dad, 46 in humans

How could you clone a human? Step 1

An egg is removed from a female human. The nucleus of the egg is removed and is thrown away.

How could you clone a human? Step 2

A body cell is removed from another person. The nucleus of the body cell is removed

How could you clone a human? Step 3

The nucleus of the diploid body cell is put into the egg. This egg no longer needs to be fertilized since it has all 46 chromosomes.

How could you clone a human? Step 4

The egg is then charged with electricity to start mitosis.

How could you clone a human? Step 5

It is then put into a surrogate mother so it can grow. It is going to be genetically identical to the parent of the body cell. But it will be a baby.

Benefit 1

You can make exact copies of organisms with strong traits. Increase food supply.

Benefit 2

Medical purposes: clone organs for transplants. Bring back or stop species from going extinct.

Risk 1

Decreases genetic diversity. If one of your clones gets a disease, they all get it: same immune system.

Risk 2

Inefficient: high failure rate: 90%+ . Expensive